2. The Way Forward Factors Driving Video Conferencing Dr. Jan Linden, VP of Engineering Global IP Solutions

3. 3 The Importance of Face-to-Face Communication

4. “Executive” Systems Telepresence Desktop & Mobile Evolution of Video Conferencing 4

5. Globalization of business operations/Improved business economics  Increased productivity from face-face meetings without time lost traveling  Reduced travel costs  Corporate Greening Unified Communications and Collaboration  Integration of P2P communications across multiple platforms  Video is a key component Increased accessibility and affordability Market Trends 5

6. 6 Technology Trends  Migration from ISDN to IP Networks –Easier access –Less expensive  Increased availability of software platforms –Eliminates need for dedicated hardware –Provides greater flexibility and mobility –More cost effective  Improvements in capture devices –Higher quality - Up to HD resolution –Greater accessibility - USB Cameras, Built-in Cameras

7. Technology Challenges IP Networks  Latency, jitter and packet loss  Bandwidth Codec Design  Many video codecs focus on streaming vs. real-time media  Bit rate is an important factor in codec selection. The bit rate is determined by: Frame rate, Resolution Quality Technology Challenges 7

8.  Lip Synchronization –Audio and video out of sync very annoyin –People notice 80 – 130 ms out of sync –Too early audio more annoying than the reverse  Device –Biggest issue in PC multimedia is the unknown delay of the web camera Often 100 ms or more –Better cameras can be connected for improved quality Attractive in fixed installations  Environment –Light is crucial to high quality video Technology Challenges 8

9.  IP Networks –No need for dedicated bandwidth if solution includes high performance: Bandwidth management Robust codec framework –Low latency achieved by efficient jitter buffer  Audio –The audio quality is crucial for great total experience –Robust and bit-rate adaptive codecs necessary Efficient use of the total available bandwidth Recommendations 9

10.  Codec Design –Codec frameworks designed specifically for real-time conferencing –Scalable Video Coders Support for multiple platforms on disparate networks Allow for each user to experience maximum possible quality  Devices –Profiling of cameras to obtain best quality and delay The range of quality is significant –When possible/necessary use high end camera rather than USB camera 10

11. 11 Recommendations Network throughput decreasing will NOT lead to POOR quality Video Graceful degradation, gradually lowering frame rate, bit rate or image size Advanced Auto- Adjustment Channel throughput Sending frame rate Video Resolution Image size Quality preferences Network condition CPU utilization Resolution Camera capture rate Rendering Frame rate Best Audio Video Quality GIPS VoiceEngine Multimedia Lip sync Audio/Video optimization Bandwidth Utilization Traffic Shaping