1. Atmospheric Chemistry with Large and Small UAS in the Arctic James W. Elkins NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory Global Monitoring Division The NOAA-Environment Canada UAS Arctic Scoping Workshop September 25, 2012

2. Outline of Talk 1. Motivation and Introduction 2. Science: Transport & Ozone Depletion 3. Future Possibilities: ATTREX and SkyWisp UAS 4. Conclusions Arctic Sea Leads observed during GloPac by ACAM from Scott Janz NASA Goddard

3. Platform Altair (Turbo Prop) Predator-B Global Hawk (Jet) SkyWisp (Glider) Endurance (hr) 323124 Altitude (ft) 52,00065,000100,000 Range (nm) 6,50011,000<40 Payload (lb.) 750<15003 UAS used or proposed for NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry Apps

4. MissionDatesPlatformFlights NOAA UAS Demo 2005Altair5 NASA Fire Mission 2006Altair6 GloPac2010Global Hawk5 ATTREX2011-16Global Hawk5+ StratCore2012-13SkyWisp4 Atmospheric Chemistry UAS Experiments

5. Box weighs 27 kg (60 lb.), 24.6 x 40.6 x 45.7 cm (9.7x16x18.1”), 45.6 liters. Inlet Pump (KNF model 627), and two gas cylinders (N 2 carrier & reference gas) adds another 9 kg (20 lbs.) Measures O 3 once every 10 seconds (commercial unit 2B,Inc.) Measures N 2 O, SF 6 every 70 seconds and CO, H 2, CH 4 every 140 seconds. On board calibration. Also measures water vapor (Maycomm, LLC), relative humidity, and ambient temperature (Vaisala LTD. probe) once every second. New improved ozone and H 2 O instruments supported by NASA. Compounds in red are measured by NASA Aura Satellite Instruments. Unmanned aircraft systems Chromatograph for Atmospheric Species (UCATS) In bay #25 of Global Hawk

6. Observation of Tropopause Fold on the UAS Altair Five hour test flight finds fold above Gray Butte, CA airfield. PV plot courtesy of Leslie Lait, (NASA/GSFC) A B

7. NCAR’s HIAPER or GV

13. 0.5 - 0.7 ppm 13

14. Ozone loss observed on 7 April

16. CLaMS Model Simulation for 7 April 2010 (450K ~ 17 km) Courtesy of Jens-Uwe Grooss, Forschungszentrum Juelich

17. CLaMS Accumulated Ozone Loss since 1 Dec 2009

20. NOAA SkyWisp UAS Configuration Glider plus payload (3) Ground Station (2) GlideTerm Software Trackable Antenna System Glider Comms System Manual RC System Launching System Launching Supplies Fred Moore, Co-I, with SkyWisp

21. NOAA Aircore U.S. Patent No. 7597014 (10/6/2009) by Pieter Tans NOAA/GMD First design was 150 m x 1/4” SS tubing, Smaller now. Weighs ~ 16 lbs. Launched locally by balloon.

22. Passive AirCore Sampling System 100,000 feet Fill Gas Captured profile

23. CO 2 Jan. 14, 2012Jan. 15, 2012 SGP Tower

24. Typical SkyWisp flight profile

25. SkyWisp is produced by Southwest Research Institute

27. Summary Overflight of the Global Hawk over the GV during HIPPO/3 produced similar tracer-tracer relationships with structure. Breakup of the polar vortex with low ozone during HIPPO/3 and GloPac was observed in filaments. Agreement of ozone loss between ozone loss and model simulation. EC collaboration on Global Hawk during ATTREX with British (contact: Eric Jensen)? EC Collaboration with SkyWisp in Boulder and Canada

28. Questions? Thanks for Listening to My Presentation