1. Genetic Engineering: Redesigning Life
8.3
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2. Genetic Engineering Image from: http://www.encognitive.com/node/10284
Interesting images…what do you think?

3. Images from (clockwise from top left):

4. Heirloom Varieties
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5. Biopharming
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6. Biopharming
genetically engineered host organisms are used to make pharmaceuticals or other medically-important proteins
proteins can be isolated from milk (e.g., cows, goats) or seeds (e.g., safflowers) and used

7. Transgenic Organisms Why transgenic (GM) animals and plants?
usually cheaper to maintain than transgenic bacteria
have the ability to produce larger more complex proteins

8. Transgenic Plants
GM canola and other field crops are usually engineered to resist herbicides, reducing the farmer’s costs
great potential to provide food in developing countries, but cost of seeds can be prohibitive
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9. Knockout Mice engineered to have at least one gene turned off
useful for studying effects of specific genes on human health
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p53 is tumour-suppressing gene in humans…knockout mice got cancers

10. Societal Concerns?
interbreeding and/or competition with native plants or animals
may contain toxins that harm consumers (e.g., GM safflower)
regulation? patents?
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Why are so many people resistant to GM foods?

11. Biotechnology & Health
8.4

12. Genetic Screening
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13. Image from: http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/292/19/2325.short

14. Ontario Newborn Screening
metabolic disorders
endocrine disorders
blood disorders
cystic fibrosis
Have a look at the website for the complete list of conditions screened for:
Parent information:

15. Hereditary Disorders
early identification of some hereditary disorders can help to allow for treatment to minimize symptoms through:
controlled diet
providing missing proteins
surgery

16. Gene Therapy offers the possibility of correcting the genetic defect
germ-line gene therapy
somatic gene therapy

17. Image from: http://www. nature