1. Ch. 3 Racism Racism does affect us all, but it doesn’t affect us all equally. Some have more defenses against racism. Its like bad weather: All of us are affected by it, but some are naked to the elements.-William Raspberry

2. Racism  To look at children and development from an ecological perspective, we need some basic concepts. Socialization is the process through which children acquire the knowledge, skills, and behaviors that enable them to take their place in society. o To socialize a child is to train the child to participate in society. A child who is un-socialized doesn’t know how to behave in public places, or acts in ways that are harmful or destructive to the social order. Society refers to a nation of people with commons systems, institutions, traditions, and patterns of relationships. o A society is organized around the operates through systems. Major systems in American society are  Government, legal, military, law enforcement, financial, industrial, communication, entertainment, social service, education, health care, housing, agriculture, & transportation.

3. What are Race and Racism?  https://youtu.be/dmOoevyiA4I & https://youtu.be/HcYeFAMoQAk https://youtu.be/dmOoevyiA4Ihttps://youtu.be/HcYeFAMoQAk  Race refers to a person’s skin color, hair color & texture, and the shape and size of one’s facial features. Skin color is determined by the amount of melanin in a person’s skin, which is a result of one’s ancestry and their location to the sun. Race is confused with culture (what’s on the inside of a person) and ethnicity (where someone is from geographically). The idea of race is just that an idea. There is only one race and that’s the HUMAN RACE. Race is contrived social/political way to categorize people based on skin color, which doesn’t represent any other underlying difference between people.  Racism it is a system of domination and exploitation based on the idea of race.  Racism is woven into the economic, political, and social fabric of our country.  PREJUDICE + POWER= RACISM

4. Child Development Theories & Race  In order to understand the development of children of color in the United States we must understand and look at how systematic racism, prejudice, and discrimination impact their development.  Racism is a social condition that affects our personal lives, as well as the society at large. It affects our social and emotional development.  Without our even knowing it, racism shapes our personal and racial identity; and it shapes our experience in American society.  Children learn social roles and become members of American society through the process known as socialization.

5. The Development of Racial Identity  Racial identity as the sense of group or collective identity based on one’s perception that he or she shares a common racial heritage with a particular racial group.  Racial identity refers to the level of commitment an individual has to his or her racial group including the extent to which people use their race as a reference that guides their thinking, feelings, and actions.  Effects of Racism on White Children  Denial of reality  Rationalization  Rigid thinking  Superiority  Fear and hatred

6. Effects of Racism on White Children  Denial of reality Children learn to see but not acknowledge the difference between people. When children sense adults’ uneasiness with talking about physical differences and receive criticism when noting the differences, they gradually become silent. The reality is that the color of your skin does matter.  Rationalization Rationalization is a common defense mechanism in which individuals use elaborate explanations to justify their behavior.  Rigid Thinking When we raise children in a segregated, biased environment they grow up believing that their way of living in the world is the one and only right way and that is called ethnocentrism.  Superiority Racial group with social and political power, they are socialized to internalize entitlement.  Fate and Hate When children are raised in a society that is racist, children learn to hate and fear people who are different from the,

7. Effects of Racism on Children of Color  Over identification with white people This is often the first impact of racism on a child’s of color’s social and emotional development. Reinforcing the beauty of their own skin and physical features and pointing out the physical beauty of members of their own race.  Separation and alienation Because school devalues their race they may feel the need to distance themselves from their own people. They don’t fit in so they have to “check out”  Confusion and bewilderment “soul murder” is what racism does because children of color may be caught up in the pain of being devalued, alienated, and rejected on a daily basis.  Rejection Children of color will experience rejection in the form of being ignored or passed by teachers and classmates. These experiences that eventually cause children to feel unwanted, rejected, and alienated from mainstream society and its institution.  Shame Children of color experience shame whereas white children may experience guilt. Shame is the feeling that you are defective, unworthy, and unacceptable as a person. Shame breeds hopelessness.  Anger and rage Anger and rage are common manifestations of shame. Children of color are likely to feel angry. Sometimes when anger is expressed by very young children, it’s the anger of their parents that is being expressed.

8. Interracial Children's Identity  To ensure positive self-development, acknowledge, and celebrate all of the richness that interracial children bring to our classrooms  We must help interracial children feel good about themselves, their physical features, and their families.  Creating a Nonracist Classroom  Check you racism at the door  Set high expectations for all children  Deliver equal attention and praise  Discipline in equal measure  Recognize every child  Make unity and equality the goal of your classroom  Live by the Golden Rule  Respect yourself and others too  Teach children coping skills  Demystify skin color  Provide positive cross-racial experiences  Foster social awareness and action  Integrate the curriculum

9. See Racism in Action  https://youtu.be/6MYHBrJIIFU full story https://youtu.be/6MYHBrJIIFU