1. Mitosis Lab DO NOW On loose-leaf Identify how many cells are in:
Interphase - _____
Prophase - _____
Metaphase - _____
Anaphase - _____
Telophase/Cytokinesis - _____

2. Diagram 1 – On Lab

3. Number of cells in phase
Obtain Your Data
Table 1. - Results of counting cells in each phase of mitosis and interphase
PHASE
Number of cells in phase
Time in minutes
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Total Number 
Time for a phase = 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒂 𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒅 x 720

4. DO NOW - on loose-leaf
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?
Describe the offspring produced during mitosis
Complete the Mitosis diagrams showing amount of DNA: 46 4 2n

5. Reproduction What is reproduction? Organisms make more of themselves
Necessary for the continuation of a species
Not necessary for the survival of an individual organisms
What are the TWO types of Reproduction?
Asexual
Sexual

6. Asexual Reproduction Why is asexual reproduction necessary?
Unicellular Organisms
Cell division / reproduction
One organism makes an EXACT copy of itself
Multicellular Organisms
Tissue repair
Skin cells make more skin cells (EXACT copy)
Liver cells make more… Liver cells (Exact Copy)

7. Asexual Reproduction
How do organisms produce exact copies of themselves?
Process called MITOSIS
What is Mitosis?
Type of cell division
Produces TWO daughter cells
Daughter cells are EXACTLY like each other and the Parent Cell
DNA information and amount are all the SAME

8. Complete the Diagrams for Mitosis46 2n
Pony
Describe the relationship between each daughter cell and the relationship between the daughter cells and parent cell.

9. Do Now 20
Complete Questions: 1
2a, 2b 3

10. Do Now - On loose-leaf
What phase of the cell life cycle does each letter show:
What happens during “Letter D?”
What happens during “Letter B”
A - ____________ B - ____________ C - ____________ D - ____________ E - ____________

11. Mitosis So does every cell use Mitosis? What cells DO NOT use Mitosis?
Sperm Cells
Egg Cells

12. Sperm and Egg are DIFFERENT
Then how are sperm and egg cells made?
Process known as Meiosis
Sperm and Egg Cells are the only TWO cells that USE Meiosis
DO NOT use Mitosis
Sperm & Egg cells, along with Meiosis, are only USED IN Sexual Reproduction

13. Type 2 - Sexual Reproduction
Two parents
Specialized sex cells & sex organs
Creates VARIATION
Offspring different than parents
Do you look like the person sitting next to you?
Do you look exactly like your brother, sister, mother, father or cousin?
So, how do humans reproduce?
Note:
Sperm and egg are specialized sex cells called gametes
All other cells in the body are body or somatic cells

14. Sexual Reproduction & Meiosis
Sperm & Egg (gametes)
Formed by process called Meiosis
Are HAPLOID – only have half the Chromosomes (DNA) of a body cell
Human Body cells have 46 chromosomes… egg and sperm only have
Sperm and Egg fuse
This is called fertilization
Meiosis & Fertilization guarantee VARIATION
No variation in asexual reproduction (Mitosis) 23
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they

15. What is Meiosis? Only makes TWO types of cells in our bodies:
Sperm
Egg
Occurs only in our
Our Testes & Ovaries
Gametes
Gonads
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they

16. What is Meiosis? Meiosis Starts with one diploid Cell (2n)
Meiosis has 2 divisions
Produces four UNIQUE haploid cells (n) (gametes)
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they
Look at the chromosomes. They are different for each cell!

17. What is Meiosis? Meiosis Starts with one diploid Cell (2n)
Meiosis has 2 divisions
Produces four UNIQUE haploid cells (n) (gametes)
Complete the diagrams
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they

18. Do Now 20
Complete Do Now 20

19. What is Diploid?
Diploid Cells (2n) – Cells that have two chromosomes that code for the same thing (eye color, height, hair color etc…)
One chromosome comes from the mother and one from the father A B
How many chromosomes in cell A and B?
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they
Are both cells diploid(2n)? Why?
From Father
From Mother
Codes for hair color & eye color
Codes for hair color & eye color

20. What is Haploid?
Haploid Cells (n) – Cells that have one chromosome that codes for certain traits
Sperm only has fathers DNA set
Egg only has mothers DNA set
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they
From Father
From Mother
One codes for Hair color and one codes for Eye color
One codes for height and one codes for insulin hormone

21. How many chromosomes? Cell A - Cell B - A B From Father From Mother
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they
From Father
From Mother
One codes for Hair color and one codes for Eye color
One codes for height and one codes for insulin hormone

22. Do Now 22
Complete Questions:
# 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 13

24. Complete the Diagram on Meiosis Use 2n
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they

25. What is Meiosis? Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis? Mitosis
Explain the sex cells and sex organs… what are they

26. Process of Meiosis P-M-A-T How many cell divisions in Meiosis? 2
Describe the cells produced from Meiosis:
Different from one another and the parent cell
4 Unique, Haploid (n) cells are produced from one Diploid Cell
Create gametes (sperm and eggs)
Gametogenesis = creation of Sperm & Egg
What creates or guarantees genetic variation in sexual reproduction?
Meiosis
Fertilization

27. Do Now 22
Complete Questions:
# 6 – 12 (finish sheet)

28. First Division of Meiosis

29. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Interphase I
Haploid or Diploid?
Chromosomes (DNA) duplicates and makes sister chromatids
Just like during Mitosis
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

30. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Prophase I
Homologous chromosomes pair up
Homologous Chromosomes
Same size
Code for same traits
Hair color, eye color etc…
Haploid or Diploid?
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

31. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Prophase I
Crossing Over occurs!!!!!!!
Physical transfer of genetic material
Creates VARIATION
Haploid or Diploid?
How is this different than Mitosis?
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

32. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Metaphase I
Haploid or Diploid?
Homologous Chromosomes line up in the middle
How is this different than Mitosis?
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

34. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Haploid or Diploid?
Anaphase I
Homologous chromosomes separate into Two Different Haploid cells
Disjunction – equal separation of homologous chromosomes
How is this different than Mitosis?
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

35. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Anaphase I
Haploid or Diploid?
Non-Disjunction
Unequal separation of homologous chromosomes
Can happen during:
Anaphase I
Anaphase II
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

36. 2n+1 Body Cell
Non-disjunction
Extra chromosome from unequal division of chromosomes
Trisomy 21 – down syndrome
Normal 2n Body Cell DNA
Normal Disjunction

37. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T
Haploid or Diploid?
Telophase I
and Cytokinesis
TWO (2) Unique Haploid cells are created
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

38. Second Division of Meiosis

39. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
Second Division
P-M-A-T II
Just like mitosis
Chromosomes line up at middle
Sister chromatids split
Difference =
4 Haploid Cells form at the end (gametes)
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color

40. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
P-M-A-T II
Second Division
Haploid or Diploid?
Why?
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

41. Process of Meiosis: Creating Variation
Non-Disjunction
P-M-A-T
Father’s chromosomes:
Blue – codes for eye color
Red – codes for hair color
Mother’s chromosomes:
Yellow – codes for eye color
White – codes for hair color

42. So, meiosis makes our gametes?
Yes!

43. Spermatogenesis Spermatogenesis Formation of male gametes (sperm)
All four haploid cells are functional sperm
Haploid (n) (23 chromosomes)

44. Oogenesis Oogenesis Formation of female gametes (eggs)
One functional egg & three nonfunctional polar bodies
Haploid (n) (23 chromosomes)

45. Sperm and eggs are formed! Now what?
Sexual Reproduction & Fertilization can take place!

46. Meiosis Video
(9 min)

47. Complete these definitions on back of note packet or loose-leaf
Gamete
Gonad
Diploid
Haploid
Gametogenesis
Zygote
Fertilization
Chromosome
Gene
Nucleus

48. Explain the differences between the process of mitosis and the process of meiosis

49. Meiosis Worksheet

50. Meiosis Worksheet