1. Chapter 9 Power Electronics and Clean Energy 1 “Introduction to Modern Power Electronics”, 2 nd Ed., John Wiley 2010 by Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski Chapter 9

2. Voltage and power as functions of the current drawn from a solar array Chapter 92 Fig. 9.1

3. PV array-to-grid interface with a voltage-source inverter Chapter 9 3 Fig. 9.2

4. PV array-to-grid interface with a dc-to-dc boost converter and voltage-source inverter Chapter 9 4 Fig. 9.3

5. PV array-to-grid interface with a boost current- source inverter Chapter 9 5 Fig. 9.4

6. PV array-to-grid interface with a three-phase three-level neutral-clamped inverter (one leg shown only) Chapter 9 6 Fig. 9.5

7. PV array-to-grid interface with a single-phase l- level cascaded H-bridge inverter Chapter 9 7 Fig. 9.6

8. Power coefficient versus tip-speed ratio of a typical wind turbine Chapter 9 8 Fig. 9.7

9. Output power of a typical wind turbine as a function of the wind speed Chapter 9 9 Fig. 9.8

10. Wind turbine system with an induction generator (soft-starter not shown) Chapter 9 10 Fig. 9.9

11. Wind turbine system with an induction generator and a frequency changer Chapter 9 11 Fig. 9.10

12. Wind turbine system with an electrically excited synchronous generator and a frequency changer Chapter 9 12 Fig. 9.11

13. Wind turbine system with a doubly-fed induction generator Chapter 9 13 Fig. 9.12

14. FC-powered drive system of vehicle Chapter 9 14 Fig. 9.13

15. FC power system with a boost converter for distributed generation Chapter 9 15 Fig. 9.14

16. FC power system with transformer isolation for distributed generation Chapter 9 16 Fig. 9.15

17. Simplified block diagram of the powertrain of an electric vehicle Chapter 9 17 Fig. 9.16

18. Series electric hybrid powertrain Chapter 9 18 Fig. 9.17

19. Parallel electric hybrid powertrain Chapter 9 19 Fig. 9.18

20. Series-parallel electric hybrid powertrain Chapter 9 20 Fig. 9.19