1. International Organizations Multi-national groups intended create for an economic purpose

2. NAFTA Became policy on January 1, 1994 Agreement between United States, Canada and Mexico Primary focus is on trade

3. NAFTA - Purpose “Under the NAFTA, all non-tariff barriers to agricultural trade between the United States and Mexico were eliminated. In addition, many tariffs were eliminated immediately, with others being phased out over periods of 5 to 15 years. This allowed for an orderly adjustment to free trade with Mexico, with full implementation beginning January 1, 2008.” - Foreign Agricultural Service www.fas.usda.gov

4. NAFTA - Overview The primary function of NAFTA is to eliminate barriers to trade on this continent. Ideally, it expands the available market for domestic products.

5. EU – European Union Current form created in 1993 Focus is on stabilizing the European economy Policies are intended to “ensure the free movement of people, goods, services and capital….” between member nations

7. EU - Purposes Relaxation of borders = easier trade Common currency 1999= less confusion in international transactions ◦Not all European countries use the Euro Establish common goals related to defense, education, agriculture and the environment

8. International Monetary Fund - IMF Established in 1945 Made up of 187 member nations ◦Same as the United Nations Is essentially a component of the United Nations Focus is on global economic stability

9. IMF - Purpose Stated objectives are to promote: ◦international economic cooperation ◦international trade ◦employment and ◦exchange rate stability  making resources available to member countries to meet ways to balance their debt payments Works to stabilize: ◦World currencies ◦Exchange rates

10. IMF - Functions

11. World Bank - WB Established in 1945 Made up of 187 member countries Essentially a component of the United Nations Focus is on the elimination of poverty

12. World Bank - Purpose Focus ways to reduce poverty: ◦Increase investments in developing countries ◦Encourage international trade, particularly for developing countries ◦Invest in ways to develop infrastructure  Running water  Electricity  Roads/means of transportation ◦ All of which increase commerce/trade

13. World Bank Areas of current projects

14. World Trade Organization - WTO Established in 1995 Has 153 member countries Focus is on the development and expansion of international trade

15. WTO - Purpose It is an organization for trade opening. It is a forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements. It is a place for them to settle trade disputes. It operates a system of trade rules. Essentially, the WTO is a place where member governments try to sort out the trade problems they face with each other. Will sometimes establish trade barriers – to protect consumers or prevent the spread of disease Help trade flow as freely as possible -www.wto.org

16. WTO

17. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries - OPEC Established in 1960 Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela = founding members ◦Joined by Qatar, Libya, UAE, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador and Angola Focus is on distribution of petroleum (oil)

18. OPEC - Purpose Stabilization of prices in international oil markets with a view to eliminating harmful and unnecessary fluctuations Securing a steady income to the producing countries Provide an efficient and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations Give a fair return on their capital to those investing in the petroleum industry

19. OPEC Global production of Petroleum