1. Lab 11 Human/Cat Digestive System Gross/Microscopic Anatomy
Biology 102
Lab 11 Human/Cat Digestive System
Gross/Microscopic Anatomy
100 min, 52 slides

2. Objectives for Today
Identify the structures of the digestive system that are listed in your Laboratory Guide, given either a model or photograph of a model
Be able to sketch the hepatobiliary system (Liver, Bile ducts, and Gall bladder) and surrounding organs, labeling all relevant structures. (You will hand your sketch in as your lab report.)

3. Major Organs of Digestive System
Figure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007
Organs can be divided into the:
Digestive tract (alimentary canal); tube extending from mouth to anus (about 30 ft.)
Accessory organs; teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

4. The Greater and Lesser Omenta* * * * * * * * *
Figure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007

5. Palate and Pharynx roof of oral cavity * * (adenoids)
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010
(adenoids) *
Muscles of the soft palate include: 1. Tensor Palati, 2. Levator Palati, 3. Palatoglossus, 4. Palatopharyngeus, and the 5. Superior Constrictor *

6. Salivary Glands *
Figure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007 * *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

7. Esophagus * * Esophagus lies behind the trachea
Esophagus is about 25 cm long. Straight course through the mediastinum. Solid foods pass from the oropharynx to the stomach in about 8 sec.; fluids in about 1-2 sec. *
Esophagus lies behind the trachea
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

8. Position of Spleen *

9. Stomach * * * * * * * Pyloric sphincter = pylorus Cardiac sphincter
Greater curvature *
Range of stomach volume is about 50 ml (empty) to about 4L (very distended). *
Pyloric antrum *
Pyloric sphincter = pylorus
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

10. Simple columnar epthelium
Gastric pits
09_H3156_labeled.jpg
Gastric glands in lamina propria
Parietal cells

11. Pancreas * * * * * * * * * * Accessory duct - Main duct
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010 * * * * * *
Accessory duct * *
- Main duct * *

12. Acinar tissue
Ducts
Pancreatic islets
42_H2229_labeled.jpg

13. Acinar tissue
Duct
43_H3004a_labeled.jpg
Pancreatic islet

14. Liver (Hepato-) * * * * * * *
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Pearson Education, 2004

15. Liver lobule
Liver sinusoids
49_H2228_labeled.jpg
Central vein

16. Hepatocytes
Sinusoids
52_H2150z_labeled.jpg
Central vein

17. Hepatobiliary System
You will be sketching this today for your lab report.
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

18. Three Parts of Small Intestine* * * * * * *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

19. Villi
Muscularis mucosae
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
18_H2227_labeled.jpg
Intestinal crypts
Duodenal glands
Serosa

20. Simple columnar epithelium
Submucosa
Villi
Muscularis mucosae
Intestinal crypts
Circular muscle of muscularis externa
15_H3005_labeled.jpg
Longitudinal muscle of muscularis externa
Duodenal glands

21. Myenteric nerve plexus
Longitudinal muscle
Circular muscle
Serosa
Myenteric nerve plexus
17_H3020b_labeled.jpg

22. Circular muscle
Myenteric nerve plexus
19_H2147z_labeled.jpg
Longitudinal muscle

23. Nuclei
Simple columnar epithelium
Microvilli
16_H3006_labeled.jpg
Villus
Lamina propria of villus

24. Nuclei
Goblet cell
Simple columnar epithelium
Basement membrane
12_H2045z_labeled.jpg

25. Muscularis externa
Plica circulares
Submucosa
Peyer’s patches
Submucosa of plica circulares
24_H3133_labeled.jpg

26. Large Intestine * * * * * * * * *

27. Submucosa
Mucosa
Circular muscle of muscularis externa
27_H3168_labeled.jpg
Teniae coli
Serosa

28. Intestinal crypts
Goblet cells
Simple columnar epithelium
29_H3170_labeled.jpg
Muscularis mucosae
Submucosa

29. 03_C0018b_labeled.jpg
Parotid gland
Submandibular gland

30. Esophagus
04_C0019_labeled.jpg

31. Gallbladder Liver Stomach Spleen Greater omentum Urinary bladder
Respiratory diaphragm
Gallbladder
Liver
Stomach
Spleen
Greater omentum
05_C0022_labeled.jpg
Urinary bladder
Urethra

32. Liver Lesser omentum Stomach Spleen Greater omentum Small intestine
06_C0026_labeled.jpg
Small intestine
Adipose tissue
Urinary bladder

33. Heart Falciform ligament Diaphragm Left medial lobe Gallbladder
Right medial lobe
Left lateral lobe
Right lateral lobe
Spleen
07_C0020_labeled.jpg
Caudate lobe
Stomach

34. Liver Bile duct Gallbladder Stomach Cystic duct Duodenum Pancreas
08_C2023a_labeled.jpg
Hepatic ducts
Pancreas

35. Pancreas
Duodenum
Cecum
Small intestine
09_C0025_labeled.jpg

36. Greater omentum Pancreas Cecum Kidney Small intestine Large intestine
Mesentery
Urinary bladder
10_C0024_labeled.jpg
Uterus

37. Gallbladder
Falciform ligament
Right lobes of liver
Left lobes of liver
Duodenum
Lesser omentum
Stomach
Pancreas
Ileocecal junction
Ascending colon
Cecum
Spleen
Jejunum
Greater omentum
Mesentery
Small intestine
11_C2017a_labeled.jpg
Ileum
Descending colon
Urinary bladder
Urethra

38. Spleen
Stomach
Pancreas
Intestines
Liver
Respiratory diaphragm
12_C0056a_labeled.jpg
Kidney

39. Diaphragm Liver Pancreas Adrenal gland Stomach Left kidney
Small Intestine
13_C0013a_labeled.jpg

40. Rugae
14_C0028_labeled.jpg

41. Lymph nodes
Pancreas
Mesentery
15_C0027_labeled.jpg
Small intestine

42. Ileum Colon Ileocecal valve Spleen Cecum Small intestine
16_C2024_labeled.jpg
Small intestine

43. What You Should Do in Lab Today…
Locate the structures listed in your Laboratory Guide using
Individual models of organs
Torso models
Cats
Sketch the hepatobiliary system as outlined on the sheet handed out today and hand that in before leaving today.
Look at the Respiratory System Structures in the cat if you haven’t done so already.

44. For next lab… Digestive System Enzyme experiment
Please read the protocol for this experiment online.
We will be examining the factors influencing the digestive enzymes we discussed in lecture