2. Cracking the Code: The Barcode

3. Computer barcodes Thirty years ago marked the launch of the Universal Product Code. Requires cooperation between food manufacturers and grocery chains.

4. Benefits No pricing errors made by clerks Automated check-out counters Established a computerized database tracking buying habits, sales preference, and pricing preferences for consumers

5. Historical Fun Facts The first barcodes were used at a supermarket in Troy, OH in 1974 ◦ Large, loud, and clumsy The very first item scanned was a pack of Wrigley’s Juicy Fruit chewing gum ◦ Can be viewed at the Smithsonian Museum in Washington D.C.

6. What’s new? Scanners are now small, hand held, quick, and quiet. Even provides medicine instructions and blood transfusion accuracy “Swipe and go” ◦ Dry cleaners ◦ Gas stations ◦ Restaurants

7. How does it work? Made up of 12 digits First six (6) numbers define the vendor of the product. ◦ Every product from that vendor will have the same first six (6) numbers. The next five numbers are specific to the product. The Last number is the “check digit” to double check the code. ◦ The “check digit” includes a math formula.

8. The “check digit” Example includes: Heinz Ketchup code is 013000001243  Step 1. Add the odd positioned digits: 0+3+0+0+1+4=8  Step 2. Multiply sum by 3: 8x3=24  Step 3. Add even positioned digits (EXCEPT 12 th digit): 1+0+0+0+2=3

9. The “check digit” (continued) Step 4. Add previous sum to product of step 3: 3+24=27 Step 5. Add “check digit” to previous sum: 27+3=30 Step 6. Answer must be a multiple of 10, and the first digit of it should be the “check digit”

10. How do barcode readers work? “Barcode Reader” kit ◦ Scanner ◦ Decoder ◦ Cable that connects to the computer ◦ Information could include the price of a product, the expiration date of medicine, or the blood types for transfusion