1. Space Exploration Vision “This cause of exploration and discovery is not an option we choose; it is a desire written in the human heart.” – President Bush January 14, 2004

2. The Vision for Space Exploration NASA is charting a bold new course into the cosmos, a journey that will take humans back to the Moon, and eventually to Mars and beyond. The Vision for Space Exploration calls for a "building block" strategy of human and robotic missions to achieve new exploration goals.

3. One Step at a Time NASA has the talent, experience and leadership to fulfill our destiny as Explorers Affordable, Sustainable, Focused, Achievable

5. “As for the future, your task is not to foresee it, but to enable it.“ Antoine de-Saint-Exupery

6. International Space Station The Partnership

7. America’s Space Shuttle Europe’s Ariane 5 Japan’s H2 An international fleet of space vehicles will Rotate crews (Shuttle and Soyuz) Deliver propellant and supplies Replenish science experiments Russia’s Proton, Soyuz, and Progress vehicles

8. THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION COMING SOON TO A CITY NEAR YOU! http://spaceflight.nasa.gov +realtime data+sighting + city

9. Preparing for Mars Exploration: Next Stop - Our Moon Our Moon as a test bed

11. Future Lunar Base?

12. Carbon Dioxide (CO2): 95.32% Nitrogen (N2): 2.7% Argon (Ar): 1.6% Oxygen (O2): 0.13% Water (H2O): 0.03% Neon (Ne): 0.00025 % Martian air contains only about 1/1,000 as much water as our air, but even this small amount can condense out, forming clouds that ride high in the atmosphere or swirl around the slopes of towering volcanoes. Moon Radius(km) Mass(kg) Distance (km) PHOBOS13.5x10.8x9.41.08e+169,380 DEMOS7.5x6.1x5.51.80e+1523,460

13. Mars Exploration Program Launch Year

16. Key Technology Challenges Space Transportation –Safe, fast, and efficient Affordable, Abundant Power – Solar and nuclear Crew Health and Safety –Counter measures and medical autonomy, environmental monitoring and control Optimized Robotic and Human Operations –Dramatically higher productivity; on-site intelligence Space Systems Performance –Advanced materials, low- mass, self-healing, self- assembly, self-sufficiency… Nanotube Space Elevator Space Solar Power M2P2 L 1 Outpost Invariant Manifolds Gossamer Telescopes Artificial Gravity Robonaut Aerobraking RLV NEP

17. Employing Human and Robotic Capabilities NASA will send human and robotic explorers as partners, leveraging the capabilities of each where most useful.

18. Now15-25 yrs5-10 yrs First Aid Space Clinic Digital Human Cybermedicine Candidate Technologies: Leading Candidates with potential high payoff Digital Human Micro-nano instruments Haptic interfaces Molecular sensors Smart materials and systems Biotechnology/bioinformatics Artificial G therapy Gene function research Comments & Recommendations Bio-info-miniaturization revolutions of the mid ‘90s need to be incorporated into Space Medicine R&D. Develop next generation research instruments Correlate gene function with metabolic effects Leverage external partnerships Conduct high fidelity mission sims “ Breakthroughs” for Medical Autonomy

19. Biomass Production Description Production of Fresh Food Supplements for Transit Production of Fresh Food Supplements for Planetary Surface provide fresh crop foods for 10% of crew’s diet. The unit would also provide 20% of the crew’s O 2 needs and 20% of the CO 2 removal. Bioregenerative Life Support Expanded or multiple CPS units to provide 25% of the diet and 50% of atmospheric regeneration.

20. Waste Management Current State-of-the-Art Waste Collection System Hand Compacted Waste - Shuttle Disposable Feces container. Untreated