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Brief History of Western Civilization
World Lit II
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Classical Age: Ancient Greece
1200BC-300BC: from Kings, to Democracies, to Emperors The Height: Alexander the Great (336BC-323BC): Founding of Alexandria and burning of Persepolis Campaign as far as India Rules as a divine, absolute monarch
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Classical Age – the Roman Empire
500 BC – 500AD: from Kings, to Republics, to Emperors The Height: Emperor Trajan (53AD-117AD) From Brittania to Aegyptus Christianized under Emperor Constantine the Great ( AD)
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Map of the Roman Empire at the Death of the Justinian I
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The Middle Ages: Fall of the Roman Empire, Rise of the Roman Catholic Church
500AD-1500AD Roman Empire split between East (Byzantine Greek Orthodox) and West (Roman Catholic) beginning 500 AD, officially by 1100 AD. Western part mostly divided into little Christianized kingdoms, with allegiance to Roman Catholic Church. (Exception: Spain conquered by Muslim Moors through Africa, around 800 AD). 1st crusade (ordered by Pope Urban) to take back Holy Land from the Muslims, 1095 AD. 800-early 1490’s: Muslim rule of Spain; ends with the “Reconquista”, which also supported Christopher Columbus’ exploration to the New World.
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Renaissance and Reformation
1500s AD-1600s AD Rediscovering Ancient Greek and Roman science Rising Protestantism, weakening of Roman Church. Rising “democratic” principles.
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Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Empire: 1600-1800s
Increased exploration leads to nationalism, colonialism, and capitalism. Rise of technology, science, individualism, “progress.” Revolutions leading to more “democratic” forms of government – examples: French republic, British constitutional monarch
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The British Empire: Early 1700s-Early1900s
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Map of Europe: 1797
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Map of Europe: 1900
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Modernism & Post-Modernism: The 20th & early 21st Centuries
Things Fall Apart & Then Come Together World War I World War II Official end of Empire ( ): independence, post-colonialism & its aftermath Cold War Globalization & World Markets 9/11/2001 & aftermath
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