2. Subject and Predicate/ Parts of Speech Writing Clinic Duration: 45 minutes Teaching materials prepared in collaboration with: CA Unit & Sahar Gaad

3. WHAT IS A SENTENCE? TODAY’S LESSON WILL EXPLAIN: 1.WHAT IS REQUIRED IN EVERY SENTENCE? 2.WHAT IS A SUBJECT? 3.WHAT IS A PREDICATE?

4. WHAT IS REQUIRED IN EVERY SENTENCE? Not every group of words is a sentence. To be a sentence, a group of words must make a complete thought AND contain: 1.SUBJECT 2.PREDICATE

5. SUBJECTS Simple Subject 1.Usually only one word. 2.Always a noun or pronoun. 3.Tells what or who the sentence is about. Complete Subject 1.Can be several words or only one word. 2.Always contains a noun or pronoun. 3.Always includes the simple subject.

6. SIMPLE PREDICATE Always a verb. (A verb is a word that tells what the subject is doing or being.) There are two kinds of verbs: 1.Action verbs: run, jump, sit, sleep. 2.Being verbs: am, is, was, seem.

7. COMPLETE PREDICATE Always contains the simple predicate (a verb) Can be one word or several words. The sunset is beautiful.

8. BUILDING SENTENCES 1.William writes poems. 2.My friend William writes poems about nature. 3.My friend William wrote a poem about flowers and trees. 4.My kind, talented friend William wrote the poem “The Earth’s Paintings” which is about the beauty of nature.

9. BUILDING YOUR OWN SENTENCES 1.Write a two-word sentence that contains ONLY a simple subject and simple predicate. 2.To that sentence, add one or more words to describe the subject. 3.Keep that sentence and add one or more words to the predicate. 4.Add more words or phrases to that sentence to make it longer and more descriptive. 5.Underline the simple subject and simple predicate in each sentence.

10. EXAMPLE SENTENCES 1.Dogs barked. 2.Those big dogs barked. 3.Those big dogs barked loudly. 4.Those big dogs in the pen next door barked loudly all night.

11. EXAMPLE SENTENCES 1.Dogs barked. 2.Those big dogs barked. 3.Those big dogs barked loudly. 4.Those big dogs in the pen next door barked loudly all night.

12. WHAT IS A SENTENCE? What must it do? What must it contain? What is a simple subject? A complete subject? What is a simple predicate? A complete predicate?

13. QUICK PRACTICE

14. ANSWER KEY

15. QUICK PRACTICE 2 Direction: Complete the following subject and predicate to make complete sentences. 1.The students 2.are watching their students reading their books

16. PARTS OF SPEECH A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea: People: farmer, mechanic, father, Professor Haskins, accountant, Marcia Places: ocean, Canada, porch, Spain, classroom Things: scissors, giraffe, pen, jet ski, fridge, skateboard, picture, pencil Ideas: love, inspiration, courage, anxiety, eagerness, happiness, kindness

17. PARTS OF SPEECH An adjective modifies (qualifies or limits the meaning of ) a noun or a pronoun. It answers the questions, What kind? Which one(s)? How many? How much? Example: Carrie read an interesting story. (What kind of story?) The recent article has that information. (Which article?) Kent owns those surfboards. (Which surfboards?) Wendy paid fifty dollars for the jacket. (How many dollars?) Much space was devoted to her artwork. (How much space?)

18. PARTS OF SPEECH A verb tells what action (often a physical action) a subject is performing, has performed, or will perform. Example: My father delivers packages to department stores each day. Louie won a perfect game last night. Suzanne skated across the rink in Central Park. Turn at the next corner, Noel. Oscar will help Yousuf with the project.

19. PARTS OF SPEECH An adverb is a word that modifies (qualifies or limits) a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. ◗ Many adverbs end in - ly. ◗ Adverbs answer any of these four questions: Where? When? How? To what extent? ◗ Adverbs make writing more specific and more exact. ◗ Here are some adverbs that do not end in -ly:

20. QUICK PRACTICE 3 Direction: Write complete sentences using the following parts of speech. 1.shop assistant (noun) 2.disgusting (adjective) 3.earn (verb) 4.immediately (adverb)