1. University of Ljubljana Faculty of Social Sciences Maca Jogan Obstacles to Gender Equality Seminar: Peacebuilding, Interreligious Dialogue and Gender Equality Ljubljana, May 15th 2009

2. 1. Social structure and cultural legacy: androcentrism and misogyny Why obstacles to gender equality do persist? Stubbornness of androcentric social order: gender division of labour and of personal identities reason (man)/emotion (woman) split gender public/private segregation hierarchic connection of male/female activities unchangeability and constraint of gender roles harmonized total institutional support and control

3. Scheme no.1 Reproduction of androcentric social order

4. 2. 20th century: parcial decomposition of androcentrism woman’s entering the public sphere prevalence of woman's traditional proper role= »natural«; hidden (covert) discrimination addition principle for women (»natural« + public role) “he” as norm →discrimination against women (stereotypes, »glass-ceilings/walls«, “maze”) women's activity= helper-activity →undervaluated man’s entering the non traditional jobs: discrimination.

5. Woman’ s “natural” role

6. 3. 21st century: implementation of gender equality abolition of gender discrimination – worldwide problem (UNO) churches, secularization and fundamentalisms: endeavours for the preservation of traditional woman’s role work-life (family) reconciliation (balance): a) special measures for women→ reproduction of traditional order b)measures for parents (=women and men) →decomposition of androcentric order and reconstruction of the total organization of society

7. The evolution

8. Obstacles ≠ natural fact Social gender equality is really a long-term process. Thank you for your attention!