1. DNA and Protein Synthesis

2. Transformation

3. What does it mean to be transformed? How did Griffith’s experiment give clues about the role of genes?

4. Avery’s Experiment

5. What is the significance of DNase?

6. Hershey - Chase

7. What would have it meant if they found Sulfur inside the cells and not phosphorus?

8. What are the three roles of DNA?

9. The Role Of DNA Store information in the form of genes Copy information during mitosis Transmit information from one generation to the next

10. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Can you draw a nucleotide?

11. What type of bonds are between the sugar and the phosphate group? What type of bond hold the nitrogen bases together?

12. Nucleotides

13. Can you show me that you understand Chargaff’s rule?

14. Chargaff’s Rule Go to page 345 “Analyzing Data”to review Chargaff’s rule.

15. Using 4 nucleotides, can you draw DNA being double sided and anti- parallel?

16. DNA Structure Go to page 348 to review your understanding of the key concepts.

17. What is the role of the following enzymes involved in DNA replication? Helicase Polymerase Ligase

18. DNA Replication

19. Leading End- DNA is added continuously towards the replication fork Lagging End – DNA is added discontinuously away from the replication fork using primers and Okazaki fragments

20. Chapter 12 Assessment Review the question from pages 356 – 357 (# 1-6 & 9-11) Review question 1-5 and question 10 on page 359

21. Chapter 17 Protein Synthesis

22. Types of RNA

23. DNA & RNA Master Plan vs Blue Print How is RNA different from DNA?

24. Protein Synthesis Transcription o Takes place in the nucleus o Makes a strand of mRNA from _____ o Promoters tell the enzyme RNA ____________ where to transcribe the DNA template strand. o The mRNA is spliced keeping the _________ and removing the ____________. RNA splicing allow on gene to code for more than one _____________

25. Translation o Takes place in the ___________ o Starts with a start _________ o Termination occurs at the stop ________ o Molecules involved; mRNA, tRNA, ribosomes, amino acids o The end product of translation is a _____________ o The central dogma states that ________ makes _________ which codes for a _________.

26. Translation mRNA has a series of codons that specify the certain amino-acid sequence A codon codes for a specific _________ which is a subunit of a ____________ Codon ACC codes for __________ (use your codon table on page 367)

27. Translation tRNA has __________ that are complementary to codons on mRNA tRNA – CCU is complementary to ____ - mRNA tRNA has an attachment site so it can transport amino acids to the __________

28. Translation Ribosomes are made of the large and small sub units The sub units are composed of ______ and proteins Ribosomes read the ______ strand and allow the _____ to bring in the proper amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain

29. Translation 3 steps of translation include: Initiation – the ______ attaches to the mRNA strand Elongation – the ribosome allows the polypeptide chain to grow one _______ at a time. Termination – when a _______ codon is reached the polypeptide chain is complete

31. 13.2 Assessment Go to page 371 and answer questions 1-3

32. Table of Codons

34. Quick Lab Go to page 367 and lets review “How Does a Cell Interpret Codon”

35. Gene Mutations

36. Mutations Chromosomal

37. 13.3 Assessment Go to page 376 to review key concepts question #1

38. Mutations and Evolution Slight variations in populations are due to changes in the DNA (genes) Leads to some individuals having more favorable traits than others and gives them a better chance at survivalindividuals

39. Chapter 13 Review Review questions on pages 386 – 387 o 13.1 questions 1-5 o 13.2 questions 8-14 o 13.3 questions 18-23 Standardized Test Prep on page 389 o Questions 1-8