2. psychlotron.org.uk Greetings, earthlings. We have noticed that there are two sorts of human, women and men. How are they different?

3. psychlotron.org.uk Today’s session You will learn how to...You will learn about... Define psychological terms Compare ‘lay’ psychological theories with psychological research Gender development Sex, gender and sex-role stereotypes Androgyny

4. psychlotron.org.uk What do you think these terms mean? Sex Gender Sex-role stereotype

5. psychlotron.org.uk Gender terminology Sex – biological characteristics of a person (genes/chromosomes; reproductive anatomy) – Male & female Gender – psychological or behavioural characteristics of a person relating to their sex (ways of thinking, feeling, acting) – Masculine & feminine Sex-role stereotypes – widely held beliefs about expected or appropriate ways of acting for men and women

6. psychlotron.org.uk From the list we made earlier select one example of a sex difference, one example of a gender difference, and one example of a sex- role stereotype.

7. psychlotron.org.uk Androgyny Andros = male Gyne = female Annie Lennox. Source unknown.

8. psychlotron.org.uk Androgyny (Bem, 1974) Masculinity and femininity are independent traits They are not inevitably linked to sex A person can score high or low on either or both High High Low Low masculinity femininity

9. psychlotron.org.uk Androgyny Why did Bem (1975) find that androgynous people were more psychologically healthy? How far does it matter that the BSRI was based on the views of US Americans in the 1970s? The BSRI is a quantitative, self-report measure. Does this raise any validity concerns?