1. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Civlizations of India Flash Cards: Harappans Vedas

2. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Ancient India Flash Cards: UpanishadsUpanishads SanskritSanskrit

3. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Influences –Geography  Himalayas & Deccan Plain  Semitropical Regular monsoon winds & rain  Open to influences from the West Mesopotamia Alexander the Great Indian History: Formative Period

4. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert

5. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Indus River Valley Harappan civilization, 3rd millennium B.C.E.  Indus river system

6. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Civilization The Great Cities of the Indus Valley  Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro  Densely populated  Walled, grid pattern  Advanced plumbing system  Un-deciphered written language

7. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert India in the Age of Harappa and the Early Aryan Migrations

8. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Great Epic Age –Aryans  Indo-European pastoralists (nomads)  Into Asia Minor, Europe, Iran from 2000s B.C.E.  Sweep south into India Indian History: Formative Period

9. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Vedic & Epic Ages in Ancient India –Sanskrit oral epics of the Vedic Age  Rig-Veda, Hindu sacred texts –Epic Age, 1000-600 B.C.E.  Mahabharata (& Bhagavad Gita)  The Upanishads – more spiritual than Vedas

10. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Vedic and Epic Ages (1500-1000 and 1000-600 B.C.E. ) –Caste system present & reinforced  Varnas Indian History: Formative Period

11. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Hinduism developed  world’s oldest religion origins in Vedic and Epic Eras  polytheistic  belief in reincarnation  karma determines next rebirth  promoted the caste system

12. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Hindu Caste System Brahmin = upper caste, priests Kshatriya = military & artistocrats Vaishyas = artisans, agriculturalists –Halwas = candy maker Shudras = untouchables

13. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Religion and Culture Hinduism (cont’d) –Brahma – holy essence –Dharma  Moral law