3. What It Means  Holocaust In Greek it means complete destruction by fire. However, it usually applies to the period during the late 1930s and early 1940s during which 6,000,000 of Hitler’s enemies were brutally exterminated. They were prominently Jews, but also gypsies, homosexuals, communists, journalists, Jehovah’s witnesses, handicapped people or anyone else who Hitler disliked or who didn’t appease his Aryan ideals.

4. Anti-Semitism  This is the term given to political, social and economic agitation against Jews.  In simple terms it means ‘Hatred of Jews’. Aryan Race  This was the name of what Hitler believed was the perfect race.  These were people with full German blood, blonde hair and blue eyes. Jews wearing yellow armbands and being tormented.

5.  The NAZI Party and Adolf Hitler seized power in 1933 and slowly began their program against the Jews of Germany  In 1933, there were 566,000 Jews living in Germany.  Each new year in Germany led to harsher policies directed towards the Jews.

6.  NAZIS boycott Jewish businesses  Decree issued that defines non-Aryans  First concentration camps are built  Dachau - 3/22/33 Entrance to Dachau. Shows where the pistol range used to be as Dachau is now a memorial. The two original furnaces where bodies were taken after being gassed.

8.  Jews were not only segregated but also isolated.  They had to live in Ghettos, in the poorest, most dilapidated parts of cities.  Overcrowding, disease, little sanitation, food or education.  Jews tried to continue as normal, running schools, printing newspapers and holding concerts. A Jewish Ghetto in Warsaw

9.  Jews are not allowed to teach Germans  not allowed to be accountants or dentists  “Eternal Jew” exhibit opened in Germany  this promoted stereo- types of Jews and warned Germans of their danger to the world

10.  Night of Broken Glass  Jewish stores, shops and synagogues burned down  Took place because a German official was killed in Paris by a Jew  November 9, 1939

11.  Sept. 1, 1939 Nazis invade Poland  3.35 million Jews  Hans Frank becomes governor of Poland  Forced labor decree issued and all Jews must wear yellow stars “I ask nothing of Jews except that they should disappear” Yellow Star – Label for Jews

12.  Reinhard Heydrich was ordered to prepare a “Final Solution” to the Jewish question  Heydrich organized a meeting with 15 top Nazi officials in Berlin = Jan. 20, 1942  Nazis would attempt to exterminate the entire Jewish population of Europe, an estimated 11 million persons

13.  Nicknamed “The Blond Beast” and “HangmanHeydrich”  Second in command of Gestapo and SS  Principle planner of the Final Solution  Brigadier General in SS at the age of 30

14.  Jews were rounded up and told they were to be relocated  They were taken to the woods and were shot one by one  Their bodies were buried in mass graves

15.  Again, Jews were rounded up and told they were to be relocated in vans  The vans were equipped so that the van’s exhaust was piped back into the van 700,000 Jews killed in Vans

16.  Nazi leaders decided to drastically speed up the Final Solution  there were two different types of camps:  CONCENTRATION CAMPS  EXTERMINATION CAMPS  Jews from all over occupied Europe were to be brought here.

17. A MAP OF THE CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND DEATH CAMPS USED BY THE NAZIS.

18.  Established in 1941 as a POW camp  started its part in the Final Solution in 1942  Jews, Poles and Soviet POW’s sent here  had two gas chambers to exterminate

19. Part of a stockpile of Zyklon-B poison gas pellets found at Majdanek death camp. Before poison gas was used, Jews were gassed in mobile gas vans. Carbon monoxide gas from the engine’s exhaust was fed into the sealed rear compartment. Victims were dead by the time they reached the burial site.

20. Jewish women, some holding infants, are forced to wait in a line before their execution by Germans and Ukrainian collaborators.

21. A German policeman shoots individual Jewish women who remain alive in the ravine after the mass execution.

22.  Started operations in January 1940 (Poland)  4 gas chambers/cremato ries by 1943  Mass killings with Zyklon B gas  recorded 12,000 kills in one day

23.  Arrived in Auschwitz in May of 1943  SS Doctor who had power of life/death  performed medical experiments on Jewish children “ANGEL OF DEATH”

24.  sterilization of men and women  endurance of pain to high and low temperatures and pressure  experiments on twins to increase number of multiple births to Aryan women  injections of phenol to kill patients  Dr. Mengele attempted to sew children together to make Siamese twins

25.  Largest single massacre of Holocaust  March 1942-November 1943  named after Reinhard Heydrich  carried out at three camps, run by the SS  every Jew that arrived at one of the camps would be dead in 2 hours.  Total of 1,700,000 Jews killed

27. Percentage of Jews killed in each country