1. The North
Chapter 11

2. The Industrial Revolution in America
Section 1

3. The Industrial Revolution in America
The Big Idea
The Industrial Revolution transformed the way goods were produced in the United States.
Mills and factories started to develop because of the Industrial Revolution

4. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution
Main Idea 1:
The invention of new machines in Great Britain led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
Great Britain

5. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution, a period of rapid growth using machines to make goods, arose in Great Britain in the mid-1700s
The Industrial Revolution changes the way people live and work
An American industry worker

6. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution
Richard Arkwright, an Englishman, invented a spinning machine in 1769 called the water frame, which replaced hand spinning for textiles.
The water frame used flowing water as a source of power.
Could produce dozens of cotton threads at the same time
Lowered the cost of cotton production and increased the speed of textile production
The spinning water frame

9. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution
The first breakthrough in the Industrial Revolution was in how textiles, or cloth goods, were made.
Great Britain soon built the world’s most productive textile manufacturing industry.
Textiles are things like cloth and the fabrics we use to make clothing
A textile factory

10. New Machines and Processes
Main Idea 2:
The development of new machines and processes brought the Industrial Revolution to the United States.

11. New Machines and Processes
Samuel Slater brought the secret of textile mill manufacturing from Great Britain to the United States.

12. New Machines and Processes
The Industrial Revolution in America begins in New England – the North Eastern part of America shown here in red
A New England Factory

13. New Machines and Processes
New England was ideal for the change because…
Faming was difficult due to poor soil
There were plenty of rivers for factory power
There were plenty of
ports for trade
Merchants had capital
(money) to invest in
factories
Factories were near the rivers

14. New Machines and Processes
U.S. factories needed better technology, or tools, to manufacture muskets.
Inventor Eli Whitney developed musket factories using water-powered machinery.
Eli Whitney’s factory

15. New Machines and Processes
Whitney introduced the idea of interchangeable parts, or parts of a machine that are identical, to make musket manufacturing easier.
Interchangeable parts sped up the process of mass production, which is the efficient production of large numbers of identical goods.

17. Slow Start in Manufacturing
Main Idea 3:
Despite a slow start in manufacturing, the United States made rapid improvements because of the War of 1812.
President Jefferson passed the Embargo Act to avoid war. In the end, it ended up helping manufacturing in the US because the US couldn’t count on other countries for goods.

18. Slow Start in Manufacturing
The War of 1812 cut off trade with Great Britain, allowing manufacturing in the United States to prosper and expand.
Americans realized that the United States had been relying too heavily on foreign goods.