2. England Colonizes America Charter: This document was given to a person by the King and queen to settle the colonies. Charter: This document was given to a person by the King and queen to settle the colonies. Too expensive? Too expensive? joint – stock companies: founding a colony was risky and expensive. These were formed to keep costs low. A person bought a share of stock and then would receive a share of the profits. (Beginning of our modern day corporations) joint – stock companies: founding a colony was risky and expensive. These were formed to keep costs low. A person bought a share of stock and then would receive a share of the profits. (Beginning of our modern day corporations)

3. Merchant Adventurers London Company: In 1606, King James I gave a charter to the London Company. This grant of land extended along the Atlantic coast from the Hudson River to present day North Carolina. London Company: In 1606, King James I gave a charter to the London Company. This grant of land extended along the Atlantic coast from the Hudson River to present day North Carolina.

4. Jamestown Jamestown: Three ships left England in 1606 – the Discovery, The Susan Constant, and the Godspeed. 104 settlers were on these boats. Jamestown: Three ships left England in 1606 – the Discovery, The Susan Constant, and the Godspeed. 104 settlers were on these boats. April 26, 1607: They reached Virginia. They sailed up a river that they named after King James and settled on a peninsula jutting out on the river – they named it Jamestown April 26, 1607: They reached Virginia. They sailed up a river that they named after King James and settled on a peninsula jutting out on the river – they named it Jamestown

6. Purpose: to search for gold, silver, and copper. Also, to find a trade route to east Asia. Purpose: to search for gold, silver, and copper. Also, to find a trade route to east Asia. First settlers: were not prepared. First settlers: were not prepared. The site was easy to defend but swampy and infested with mosquitoes. The site was easy to defend but swampy and infested with mosquitoes. Fresh water? Not enough…. Fresh water? Not enough…. Shelter: They began to build a shelter but they did not have enough food for the approaching winter. Shelter: They began to build a shelter but they did not have enough food for the approaching winter. They began to search for gold and silver. They did not worry about food or shelter (greedy?) They began to search for gold and silver. They did not worry about food or shelter (greedy?)

7. Government: King James I appointed a council to rule the new settlements. Most were stockholders whom had no idea what they were facing. They did not plant any crops – they were still interested in finding gold and silver. Government: King James I appointed a council to rule the new settlements. Most were stockholders whom had no idea what they were facing. They did not plant any crops – they were still interested in finding gold and silver.

8. John Smith John Smith: a soldier of fortune. He fought for anybody who paid him to fight. John Smith: a soldier of fortune. He fought for anybody who paid him to fight. Fought in the Eastern European wars against the Turks. Fought in the Eastern European wars against the Turks. Captured and sold into slavery. Captured and sold into slavery. Escaped captivity by killing his master. Escaped captivity by killing his master. He managed to get on the first boats to Jamestown as a merchant adventurer. He managed to get on the first boats to Jamestown as a merchant adventurer.

9. End of summer: half of the colonists were dead from starvation and malaria. End of summer: half of the colonists were dead from starvation and malaria. Spring 1608: 38 of the 104 settlers are alive. A new ship arrives with 120 more settlers. Spring 1608: 38 of the 104 settlers are alive. A new ship arrives with 120 more settlers. December 1607: John Smith is captured by Powhatan. December 1607: John Smith is captured by Powhatan. January - 1608: Smith returns with more food for the starving. January - 1608: Smith returns with more food for the starving. 1608: Smith becomes the President of the Council. He took charge. 1608: Smith becomes the President of the Council. He took charge. He bargained with the Natives for food. He bargained with the Natives for food. Stopped the searching for gold and put people to work building shelters and planting food. Stopped the searching for gold and put people to work building shelters and planting food. He taught the settlement about hard work and discipline. He taught the settlement about hard work and discipline.

10. Powhatan Confederacy This was an alliance of 10,000 Algonquin Indians. This was an alliance of 10,000 Algonquin Indians. Settlers first began to trade for food. Settlers first began to trade for food. However, they got greedy and began to take food by force. However, they got greedy and began to take food by force. John Smith tried to stop this but the other colonists refused to listen. John Smith tried to stop this but the other colonists refused to listen.

11. 1609: 800 more settlers arrived. 1609: 800 more settlers arrived. John Smith injures his leg in a powder keg explosion. He returns to England. John Smith injures his leg in a powder keg explosion. He returns to England. Result: Indians trusted John Smith. When he left all trust was lost. Result: Indians trusted John Smith. When he left all trust was lost.

12. “The Starving Time” 1609-1610: No leadership in the settlement. 1609-1610: No leadership in the settlement. The settlers, once again take food by force. The settlers, once again take food by force. The settlement breaks down. The settlement breaks down. They can’t venture outside the colony in fear that the Indians would attack them. They can’t venture outside the colony in fear that the Indians would attack them. They are force to eat whatever they can get……Rats, snakes, roots.. They are force to eat whatever they can get……Rats, snakes, roots.. Some witnesses even say that the colonists began to eat human remains. (cannibalism) Some witnesses even say that the colonists began to eat human remains. (cannibalism)

13. Summer of 1610: 60 colonists still alive. Summer of 1610: 60 colonists still alive. They try to make it through the summer but when winter approaches they decide to abandon the settlement. They try to make it through the summer but when winter approaches they decide to abandon the settlement. Winter of 1610: colonists decide to leave Jamestown. No supply ships were arriving. Winter of 1610: colonists decide to leave Jamestown. No supply ships were arriving. They leave Jamestown but they return when they meet up with supply ships that were headed to Jamestown. They leave Jamestown but they return when they meet up with supply ships that were headed to Jamestown.

14. Thomas De La Warr: the new Governor arrives in Jamestown and restores order after the “Starving Time”. He imposes strict discipline inside of Jamestown. Thomas De La Warr: the new Governor arrives in Jamestown and restores order after the “Starving Time”. He imposes strict discipline inside of Jamestown. He imposes a death penalty – for laziness. He also imposed the death penalty for colonists who did not relieve themselves a half mile away form the encampment. He imposes a death penalty – for laziness. He also imposed the death penalty for colonists who did not relieve themselves a half mile away form the encampment. 1611: De La Warr returns to England. 1611: De La Warr returns to England.

15. Thomas Dale: Arrives in Jamestown in 1611. He becomes the governor of Jamestown. Hard work and Discipline return. Thomas Dale: Arrives in Jamestown in 1611. He becomes the governor of Jamestown. Hard work and Discipline return. He becomes a tyrant. Nobody likes him. He is to stern, tough and has too many strict laws. He becomes a tyrant. Nobody likes him. He is to stern, tough and has too many strict laws. Example: someone stole oatmeal so he tied him to a tree and starved him to death. Example: someone stole oatmeal so he tied him to a tree and starved him to death.

16. John Rolfe Arrives in Jamestown around 1610. Arrives in Jamestown around 1610. He brought tobacco seeds from the Spanish Indies, a sweeter variety than what was native from Virginia. He brought tobacco seeds from the Spanish Indies, a sweeter variety than what was native from Virginia. He only wanted to grow the tobacco for his smoking habit. However, it becomes very popular and addictive. He only wanted to grow the tobacco for his smoking habit. However, it becomes very popular and addictive. In 1613 the first shipment is sent to England. In 1613 the first shipment is sent to England. It becomes popular in England and a cash crop is born. It becomes popular in England and a cash crop is born.

17. Indentured servants: Now that tobacco is the chief economy they need people to work on the plantations. Indentured servants agreed to work from 4 to 7 years in return they get a free voyage to America and when their service is completed a plot of land and tools. Indentured servants: Now that tobacco is the chief economy they need people to work on the plantations. Indentured servants agreed to work from 4 to 7 years in return they get a free voyage to America and when their service is completed a plot of land and tools.

18. Instead of finding gold, the settlers are growing tobacco as a staple, or cash, crop making huge profits. Instead of finding gold, the settlers are growing tobacco as a staple, or cash, crop making huge profits. 1614: Rolfe marries Pocahontus. 1614: Rolfe marries Pocahontus. 1616: Both move to England. 1616: Both move to England. 1617: Rebecca (Pocahontus) dies of smallpox in England. Her body is never returned to Virginia. 1617: Rebecca (Pocahontus) dies of smallpox in England. Her body is never returned to Virginia.

19. Population Explosion! 1618-23: “The Great Migration”. The Colony of Virginia grows from 400 to 4,500 people. 1618-23: “The Great Migration”. The Colony of Virginia grows from 400 to 4,500 people. 1618: Powhatan dies. A new Chief takes over the Powhatan Confederacy. (Opechancanough) 1618: Powhatan dies. A new Chief takes over the Powhatan Confederacy. (Opechancanough) 1619: 90 women arrive in Jamestown. They are sent to become wives of the settlers. 1619: 90 women arrive in Jamestown. They are sent to become wives of the settlers. Each wife cost approximately 150 pounds of tobacco. Each wife cost approximately 150 pounds of tobacco.

20. 1619: A passing Dutch ship stops and sells the first 20 Africans, sold as indentured servants. (slaves) 1619: A passing Dutch ship stops and sells the first 20 Africans, sold as indentured servants. (slaves) 1622: Chief Opecancanough wants revenge for the thousands of settlers who are arriving in their native lands. 1622: Chief Opecancanough wants revenge for the thousands of settlers who are arriving in their native lands. March 1622: Opecancanough launches The Indian Massacre of 1622. 350 colonists are killed in a surprise attack. Jamestown is spared. Colony goes from 1,400 to 1,050 people. March 1622: Opecancanough launches The Indian Massacre of 1622. 350 colonists are killed in a surprise attack. Jamestown is spared. Colony goes from 1,400 to 1,050 people.

21. Disease reduces the population even further. Only 500 colonists remain. Disease reduces the population even further. Only 500 colonists remain. Indians and settlers are now bitter enemies. Indians and settlers are now bitter enemies. 1623: Colonists attempt to trade with the Indians to smooth relations. 20 settlers are killed. 1623: Colonists attempt to trade with the Indians to smooth relations. 20 settlers are killed. 1623: one month later the settlers wanted revenge. 1623: one month later the settlers wanted revenge. They set up peace negotiations and secretly poison 200 natives. 50 more were slaughtered. They set up peace negotiations and secretly poison 200 natives. 50 more were slaughtered.

22. 1624: Jamestown loses its official charter. King James I does not like all the killing between the natives and the colonists. He believes that the settlement is not worth all the deaths. 1624: Jamestown loses its official charter. King James I does not like all the killing between the natives and the colonists. He believes that the settlement is not worth all the deaths. 1606 – 1624 1606 – 1624 Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement