1. M AKING CHOICES -R OBERT V. S MITH 指導老師：任維廉 教授 學生：科管碩一 邱弘懿 1

2. 自我介紹 邱弘懿 學歷 政治大學資訊管理學系畢業 交通大學科技管理碩一 工作經驗 中華民國對外貿易發展協會展覽業務處 科定企業股份有限公司 2

3. 文章出處 書名： GRADUATE RESEARCH -a guide for students in the science 作者： Robert V. Smith - Ph.D. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry from the University of Michigan -Vice President of CBT University Consulting up from 2013-now -Senior Vice President at Texas Tech University (TTU) from 2009-2013 -Professor of Chemistry at the University of Arkansas -Dean of the Graduate School at the University of Connecticut 3

4. O UTLINE Types of Research Choosing an advisor Role Models Financial Support Programs of Study Interdisciplinary VS. Disciplinary Research Research Problem Courses & Research Aids Thesis & Dissertation Committee Members 4

5. T YPES OF RESEARCH Basic Research( 基礎研究 ) study of fundamental properties of subjects E.g., 材料的特性 Applied Research( 應用研究 ) focus on the usefulness of subjects E.g., 材料的應用 Useless basic research of today may serve as a necessary precursor to vital applied research of tomorrow! 5

6. T YPES OF RESEARCH ( CONT.) Basic ResearchApplied Research Purpose NarrowWide Researcher IsolationInteraction Career In a limited fieldCombination of goals Equipment & Tools May not be availableCommercially available Time needed MoreLess Benefit To be evaluatedImmediate Psychic Rewards MoreLess 6

7. C HOOSING AN ADVISOR Find an advisor who supports creative development and interacts well with people 3 types of advisors based on supervisory approaches Collaborator type Hands-off type Senior scientist type 7

8. C HOOSING AN ADVISOR ( CONT.) CollaboratorHands-offSenior scientist Academically YoungMid-levelWell-established Attention quality LowMidHigh Time for students MoreLessVarying Time allowance lessmoreVarying others Publications and students are related to promotion and tenure Field expert  a desirable master- student relationship Past glories  may be trained in outdated methods 8

9. C HOOSING AN ADVISOR ( CONT.) Advisor’s reputation as a scientist is important, which can be judged by his curriculum vitae. Determinants  The number and the quality of papers published (SCI/ SSCI)  Invited presentations and consultantships during past 5 years  The number of grants completed  The number of graduating students  The laboratories in operation and the number of professionals(<10)  Organizational structure(hierarchical)  Grant funds available to cover research costs 9

10. C HOOSING AN ADVISOR ( CONT.) Choose advisors with following traits: Demanding but caring and compassionate Respect for individuality Enthusiasm and personal support Patience recognition How to measure: STUDENT TURNOVER 10

11. C HOOSING AN ADVISOR ( CONT.) In summary, the choice of an advisor is based on: Accomplishments in teaching and research Enthusiasm for advising students Experience in directing graduating students Management and organization of his research group Reputation for setting high standards in congenial atmosphere Compatible personality 11

12. C HOOSING AN ADVISOR ( CONT.) Applications: A personal interview involving aforementioned points visit his current students Work with potential advisors on a trial basis When an incompatible advisor is chosen: Honest communication Change advisors 12

13. R OLE MODELS Good role models: Departmental or program faculty Other researchers complementary talents Graduate students Representative in different stages 13

14. F INANCIAL SUPPORT Supported in 3 ways: Teaching assistantship Find out what duties are required Research assistantship Better to dovetail duties and thesis or career goals. Choose the supervisor carefully Research fellowship Ideal because of complete devotion to thesis and course work 14

15. P ROGRAMS OF STUDY Should be flexible yet provide core knowledge needed for performance as a researcher. Integrated plan Integration of course work and research Block-effort plan First in course work then in research Must we choose between these two options? Permutation between them: taking courses involving mini-research projects or preparation of research proposals Plan of study 15

16. I NTERDISCIPLINARY VS. DISCIPLINARY Disciplinary work is a useful starting point, but the nature of problems facing society is interdisciplinary. Chemical-biological study The mixing and blending of research activities lead to new fields or disciplines. “new” field of computer science roots in Math, engineering, and linguistics. 16

17. R ESEARCH PROBLEMS Points to consider when choosing a problem: Can it be enthusiastically pursued Can interest be sustained Is the problem solvable Is it worth doing Will it lead to other research problems Is it manageable in size What is its potential for making original contributions to the literature If the problem is solved, will the results be reviewed well by scholars in your field Are you, or will you become competent to solve it By solving it, will you have demonstrated independent skills in your discipline Will the necessary research prepare you in an area of demand or promise for the future 17

18. R ESEARCH PROBLEMS ( CONT.) The choice of a research problem A highly personalized decision Professional opportunities after graduation A research must be solvable in a reasonable time and have potential for contributions to the literature: Uncover new facts Suggests new relationships Challenges currently accepted truths and assumptions Provides new insights into poorly understood phenomena 18

19. C OURSES AND RESEARCH AIDS Courses are chosen based on curricula requirements or disciplinary objectives. Courses that provide tools of research are also important.(e.g., programming, statistics) On-line resources are available nowadays Competency in foreign languages Important to career goals Facilitate international collaborative efforts of research 19

20. T HESIS & DISSERTATION COMMITTEE MEMBERS Master’s thesis is supervised by committee members consisting of 3-5 field experts, including the advisor( in Taiwan) Guidelines for choosing an advisor could be applied in selecting thesis committee members Research problems involving a different field significantly are advised to find the related field expert to form the committee. 20

21. T HESIS & DISSERTATION COMMITTEE MEMBERS Master’s thesis is supervised by committee members consisting of: M.S.(3-4), Ph.D.(3-6), An advisor chairs the committee 3-5 field experts, including the advisor( in Taiwan) Guidelines for choosing an advisor could be applied in selecting thesis committee members Research problems involving a different field significantly are advised to find the related field expert to form the committee. 21

22. T HE END 22