2. Art of the Italian Renaissance Some work contributed by Susan Pojer

3. Art and Patronage Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art. –Art communicated social, political, and spiritual values. –Italian banking & international trade interests had the money. Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds. Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

4. 2. Perspective Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! First use of linear perspective! Perspective! Perspective! The Trinity Masaccio 1427 What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become.

5. 3. Classicism Greco-Roman influence. Secularism. Humanism. Individualism  free standing figures. Symmetry/Balance The “Classical Pose” Medici “Venus” (1c)

6. 4. Empasis on Individualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Dutchess of Urbino Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.

7. Isabella d’Este – da Vinci, 1499 1474-1539 “First Lady of the Italian Renaissance.” Great patroness of the arts in Mantua. Known during her time as “First Lady of the World!”

8. 5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate Leonardo da Vinci 1469 The figure as architecture!

9. 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges Chiaroscuro Sfumato

10. Lorenzo the Magnificent 1478 - 1521 Cosimo de Medici 1517 - 1574

11. Florence Under the Medici Medici Chapel Medici Chapel The Medici Palace

12. Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 - 1436 Architect Cuppolo of St. Maria del Fiore

13. Filippo Brunelleschi Commissioned to build the cathedral dome. –Used unique architectural concepts. He studied the ancient Pantheon in Rome. Used ribs for support.

14. Dome Comparisons Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)

15. David by Donatello 1430 First free-form bronze since Roman times! The Liberation of Sculpture

16. David Verrocchio 1473 - 1475 David Verrocchio 1473 - 1475

17. David Michelangelo 1502-1504 16 feet high

18. David, 1409 Donatello

19. Madonna with Child and Angels 1426 Massaccio

20. Andrea Mantegna 1474 The Court of the Gonzagas

21. Madonna and Child 1510 Bellini

22. The Sacrifice of Isaac, 1401-3 Brunelleschi

23. Ghiberti Sacrifice of Isaac 1401-3

24. The Renaissance “Man” Broad knowledge about many things in different fields. Deep knowledge/skill in one area. Able to link information from different areas/disciplines and create new knowledge. The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Renaissance education.

25. The Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475 The Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475 Leonardo da Vinci

26. 1. Self-Portrait -- da Vinci, 1512 1452 - 1519 Artist Sculptor Architect Scientist Engineer Inventor

27. Leonardo, the Artist The Virgin of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci 1483-1486

28. Mona Lisa OR da Vinci??

29. Mona Lisa 1503-06 Leonardo da Vinci

30. Refractory Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie Milan

31. Close up of the Last Supper, 1498 da Vinci

32. Virgin and Child with St. Anne 1510 Leonardo da Vinci

33. 2. Michelangelo Buonarroti 1475 – 1564 He represented the body in three dimensions of sculpture.

34. The Sistine Chapel Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512

35. Creation of Adam, 1512 Michelangelo Ceiling of Sistine Chapel

36. The Sistine Chapel Details The Creation of the Heavens

37. The Sistine Chapel Details The Last Judgment

38. Last Judgment 1535-1541 Altar Wall of the Sistine Chapel Michelangelo

39. Pieta 1499 Michelangelo

40. Moses 1515 Michelangelo

41. St Peter’s Basilica 1546 Michelangelo

43. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo

44. Naming of St. John the Baptist, 1434-35 Fra Angelico

45. The Annunciation, 1450 Fra Angelico

46. La Primavera 1478 Sandro Botticelli La Primavera, Sandro BotticelliLa Primavera, Sandro Botticelli

47. Fortitude 1470 Sandro Botticelli

48. Birth of Venus 1486 Botticelli

49. Renaissance Art in Northern Europe Should not be considered an appendage to Italian art. But, Italian influence was strong. –Painting in OIL, developed in Flanders, was widely adopted in Italy. The differences between the two cultures: –Italy  change was inspired by humanism with its emphasis on the revival of the values of classical antiquity. –No. Europe  change was driven by religious reform, the return to Christian values, and the revolt against the authority of the Church. More princes & kings were patrons of artists.

50. Characteristics of Northern Renaissance Art The continuation of late medieval attention to details. Tendency toward realism & naturalism [less emphasis on the “classical ideal”]. Interest in landscapes. More emphasis on middle-class and peasant life. Details of domestic interiors. Great skill in portraiture.

51. Jan van Eyck (1395 – 1441) More courtly and aristocratic work. –Court painter to the Duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good.  The Virgin and Chancellor Rolin, 1435.

52. Van Eyck:  The Crucifixion & The Last Judgment  1420-1425

53. Van Eyck Last Judgment 1425-1430

54. Jan van Eyck Arnolfini Wedding 1434 Under the mirror It says: “Jan van Eyck was here”

55. Close up of the mirror

56. The End