1. Ch. 9-1: Urban Growth Jobs- factories drew millions of people mainly immigrants to the cities Education became more common Culture- music, plays & sports

6. Urban Problems Slums- poverty stricken areas of the cities Mainly African Americans and immigrants lived in the slums They were the crowded and dirty areas of the cities

7. Tenements

10. Crime- rapid increase in crime in the urban areas Sewage was dumped into the lakes and rivers the same place that people got their drinking water from No sanitation systems

12. New Architecture Use of steel led to the rise of skyscrapers Tenements- cheaply built buildings where hundreds of families would crowd into Tenements were overcrowded and fire hazards Diseases, rats and roaches spread rapidly

14. Social Darwinism Survival of the fittest Businesses that were the strongest were the fittest and would survive Businesses and industrial leaders used this to justify their practices

16. Social Classes Growing gap between the rich and poor Middle Class- rose in size with the Industrial Revolution White Collar Workers- office workers

17. Blue Collar Worker- factory workers Gilded Age- term given to the period form 1865-1900 which makes America look like gold on the surface but crap beneath the surface Philanthropists such as Carnegie and Rockefeller donated large sums of money to build libraries, schools and museums