1. Peer Review Your Study Guides (Chapter 14, Section 3). I will be coming around to stamp them. Then we will review them together.

2. 1. Who made up the upper class of the Mayan society and what were their roles? (Bullet points are fine) (pgs. 395-396)

3. Question #1

4. 2. (Short Answer) What are some of the signs in the vase portrait that the Maya king was an important person? (pgs. 396-397)

5. Question #2 A: There are several signs in the drawing that the Maya king was an important person. First of all he is carrying a fly whisk, which was a symbol of authority. Also, he is sitting on a raised platform. Lastly, he is being waited on by several people. These are some of the signs that the Maya king was an important person.

6. 3. How did the roles of men and women differ in Maya lower-class society? (pg. 396)

7. Question #3 A: In Maya lower-class society women did work mostly inside the homes. They cooked, made yarn, weaved, and cared for the children. Men, on the other hand, worked mostly outside. Men hunted, farmed, and made tools to do these jobs.

8. 4. (Short Answer) What was required of the lower-class Maya by the king? (pg. 396)

9. Question #4 A: Many things were required of the lower- class Maya by the king. Lower-class Maya had to give their rulers goods, such as cloth, salt, and crops. Additionally, they had to work on building temples, palaces, and other buildings. Finally, lower-class Maya had to serve in the army during wars. Being a lower-class Maya involved many obligations to the king.

10. #5 (Fill in the blanks) _______________ were the lowest class in Maya society. People who comprised this class were _______________, _______________ _______________, _______________ who _______________ money, and those _______________ in _______________. Some of their jobs were c_______________ t_______________ g_______________ between cities, f_______________, or serving as h_______________ s_______________. (pg. 396)

11. #5 A: Slaves were the lowest class in Maya society. People who comprised this class were orphans, slaves’ children, people who owed money, and those captured in battle. Some of their jobs were carrying trade goods between cities, farming or serving as household servants.

12. Question #6  6. (One word) Who did the Maya believe communicated with their gods? (pg. 397)  A: King

13. 7. Why was blood important in Maya religion? How did the Mayans go about getting the blood? (pg. 397)

14. Question #7 A: Blood was important to Maya religion because the Maya believed that it was needed by the gods to prevent disasters or the end of the world. They got blood to the gods by all piercing their tongue or skin, holding special ceremonies to give blood, or occasionally having human sacrifices.

15. 8. Why would the Maya cities be particularly impressive to builders of today? (pg. 398)

16. Question #8 A: The Maya cities might be particularly impressive to builders of today because they were built without metal tools or wheeled vehicles to carry supplies.

17. 9. What did the Maya do in observatories? What was discovered and developed as a result of observatories (directly and indirectly)? (pg. 398)

18. Question #9 A: The Maya studied astronomy in observatories. As a result of observatories, Maya astronomers figured out the length of a year, learned about the cycles of the moon, were able to predict eclipses, developed a calendar, and created a number system which included the first symbol ever for zero.

19. 10. How was the Maya writing system similar to Egyptian hieroglyphics? (pg. 398)

20. Question #10 A: The Maya writing system was similar to Egyptian hieroglyphics in that it used symbols to represent both objects and sounds.

22. 10 Minutes Open your TCI (RED books) to page 266. Read pgs. 266-267 and complete section 23.5 on your Reading Notes (from last Thursday/Friday).

28. 1. Pick a partner and have one person from your pair come and get 1 of each for your pair: 23C: SACRED ROUND PROBLEMS 23 E: SACRED ROUND 23F: GUIDE TO GLYPHS ON THE SACRED ROUND 23G: SACRED ROUND CALCULATIONS 2. Carefully cut out the two parts of the Sacred Round. 3. Wait for directions on how to use the Sacred Round.

29. SACRED ROUND DIRECTIONS -The Sacred Round has 260 days. -Each day consists of: Number - represented by dots and bars What number does a dot represent? A bar? Day – represented by a glyph (symbol) How many glyphs are there? Each glyph gave priests clues about whether certain days were good or bad omens for certain kinds of events.

30. SACRED ROUND DIRECTIONS -The first day on the ritual calendar is 1 Imix. -Find these two points on the calendars. -Fit the point of Imix into the notch for the single dot. -To find the next day on the ritual calendar you have to carefully rotate the two rounds toward each other fitting the next point into the next notch. -What is the next day on the calendar? -Now use this knowledge to fill in the blanks on handout 23G (5 Minutes).

31. SACRED ROUND PROBLEMS (23C) -Use your sacred rounds to get answers for the four problems on Information Master 23C. -Write down your answers and rationale on the back of 23G. -We will share in 10 Minutes.

32. -How did it feel to use the Sacred Round to solve problems? - Why do you think Mayan priests—instead of some other group—werethe only people who used the Sacred Round? -What are some similarities and differences between the Mayan religion and the religions of other medieval societies? Between the Mayan religion and modern religions?

33. Complete Reading Notes 23.6 Agricultural Techniques by reading on pg. 268 and completing the chart: