1. World War II

2. EOC
a. Describe circumstances at home and abroad prior to U.S. involvement in World War II
b. Identify the significant military and political aspects of World War II
c. Analyze dimensions of the Holocaust and the Allies’ response to the Holocaust and war crimes
d. Evaluate the social, political, and economic impacts of World War II on the home front
e. Identify and evaluate the scientific and technological developments in America during and after World War II

4. 4

5. After WWI… In the U.S.: In Europe:
Economic Problems – Great Depression
Threat of Communism
Red Scare
Many nations not satisfied w/ “T of V”
France – treaty wasn’t harsh enough on Germany
Italy – was on the winning side of the war, so hoped to gain territory, but felt ignored

6. After WWI… Germany (suffered the most) Economy damaged…reparations
Period of severe inflation to the point German currency had little to no value
Germany (suffered the most)
Economy damaged…reparations
Gave up land, especially industrial areas
German people and army humiliated
Political upheaval
Est. democratic system of gov’t = Weimar Republic = rather than communist/socialist
Proved to be too weak and unstable

7. Totalitarian Governments:
Dissatisfaction in Europe allowed for certain leaders – totalitarian – to emerge in some countries
Totalitarian Governments:
Control every aspect of life
Use terror to suppress individual rights and to silence opposition

8. Joseph Stalin -USSR VIDEO 2 GOALS - COMMUNISM
Increase food
Industrialization
COMMUNISM
Used violence, i.e. “The Great Purge”
Developed the military to prepare the nation for war
Banned labor laws and opposing political parties, and censored the press
Communism
VIDEO
VIDEO

9. Fascism in Italy under Benito Mussolini
Felt Italy was “shortchanged” after WWI – felt Italy was ignored in peace settlements even though they were on the winning side of the war
This led to the organization of the
Fascist party in Italy.
Fascism –extreme nationalism where state comes first and individual 2nd

10. Benito Mussolini II DUCE
Public speaking to promote agenda
Blackshirt squad
Banned labor laws and opposing political parties, and censored the press
Il Duce” = “the leader”
Relied on gangs of thugs to terrorize
and suppress opposition

11. 5 Actions of Mussolini Axis Powers Italy Germany Suspended elections
Outlawed all other political parties, besides Fascism
Established a dictatorship
1935 – invaded Ethiopia
Alliance with Germany/Hitler, establishing the Axis powers
Axis Powers
Italy
Germany

12. Adolf Hitler Rise to power in early 1930
Nazi Party = National Socialist German Workers’ Party
NAZISM – form of fascism where German people were superior to others
Purify Germany by removing other races, especially Jews

13. Fascism in Germany under Adolf Hitler
Felt Germany was “shortchanged” after WWI, especially the war reparations
Wrote Mein Kampf = “My Struggle”
Video

14. Mein Kampf Outlined the Nazi philosophy
Identified Germany’s problems, which included:
Germany had been weakened by certain groups, especially the Jewish population
high debt because of war reparations
High unemployment and inflation
Hitler’s plans for Germany
Strengthen the military
Expand its borders to include Germans living in other nations
Purifying the Aryan race (blond, blue-eyed) by, basically removing all others

15. 5 Actions of Hitler
March 1936 – invaded the Rhineland (western Germany along the borders of France and Belgium
1936 – Alliance with Italy/Mussolini, establishing the Axis powers
March 1938 – annexed Austria
A few months later 1938 – demanded the Sudetenland (eastern Czechoslovakia)
Map

16. Hideki Tojo Militarism in JAPAN 1930’s –growing towards nationalism
1941 TOJO – Prime minister

17. Munich Conference
Representatives from England, France, Germany, and Italy met in Munich, Germany to avoid war
Britain and France followed appeasement, so they let Hitler have the Sudetenland, assuming he would not continue to annex/take/invade lands
March 1939 – Hitler annexed the rest of Czechoslovakia
Britain and France warned him of war if he continued
Map

19. German Non-Aggression Pact with the Soviet Union
August 1939 – Hitler signed a treaty (non-aggression pact) with the Soviet Union so he wouldn’t have a threat from the east
Publicly, the agreement said that neither country would attack the other.
The pact was meant to last ten years. It only lasted for two.
If the Germans invaded Poland, the USSR would not be allowed to intervene.
Therefore, if Germany declared war against Western Europe, the Soviets would not be allowed to enter the war.
Map