1. Chapter 8
Photosynthesis

2. Photosynthesis Energy and life PhotosynthesisPg
Photosynthesis Pg
Reactions of Photosynthesis Pg

3. Energy and Life Vocabulary:
Autotroph organisms that make their own food from light energy (sun).
Heterotroph organisms that obtain energy from food they consume; they do not make their own food. These are the consumers.
ATP adenosine triphosphate.
Composed of adenine, ribose sugar and 3 phosphate groups

4. Energy and life cont. ATP/ADP energy for living organisms
Found in every cell to do work
ATP is like a fully charged battery/ADP partially charged
Chemical reaction in the cell that changes/converts ADP to ATP so energy is available.
ADP is recycled and reused to make ATP like recharg. bat.

5. How is ATP regenerated? 1 glucose = 90xs chem. energy

6. Energy and Life cont. Cells use energy (ATP) in many ways
Transporting ions across cell membrane
Muscle contraction
Ca+ is stored in muscle is released with ATP
Sodium Na+ (out) potassium K+ (in) pumps in muscle cells
Lack of Ca+=cramp
Salt in sweat=loss of Na+
Why runners drink Gatorade and eat power bars or gu and carb. load
Metabolism-breakdown of glucose
Molecules entering a cell

7. Photosynthesis Vocabulary:
Photosynthesis light energy + CO2 +H2O converted to O2 and carbohydrates and glucose
Pigment light absorbing molecules that capture the sun’s rays (photons/e-); two types of pigment
Chlorophyll chlorophyll a and b
a is grassy green pigment, more abundant in plants
a and b reflect and transmit green light = plants looking green
b is accessory bluish-green pigment; ½ amount of a

8. Chloroplast and company
Vocabulary
Chloroplast organelle in plant cells that houses and specializes in photosynthesis
Thylakoid house chlorophylls (pigments found in plants)
Stroma space between chloroplast structure and thylakiods
NADP+ carrier molecule that takes e- from chlorophylls to the Calvin Cycle; 2 e- + 1 H+ = NADPH **helps build glucose in cell**

11. What kind of light is absorbed?
Pigments absorb blue and red wavelengths on the spectrometer
Plants are green because they reflect green light
This initial light absorption transfers light energy to electrons sending them to the e-transport chain. Photosystem II

13. Reactions of Photosynthesis cont.
Vocabulary cont.
Light-dependent reactions produce O2 gas, convert ADP and NADP+ into ATP and NADH
ATP synthase protein responsible for converting ADP + 1 H+ and phosphate group to make ATP
Light-independent reaction Calvin Cycle; uses ATP and NADH from light-dependent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.

16. Calvin Cycle
Carbon fixation
Glucose formed
Watch and learn!

19. Next…
Homework:
Pg 217 problems 1-23