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Photosynthesis
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Solar panels of life Photosynthesis: The process by which plants and other producers convert sunlight into chemical energy. Chloroplast: Location in plants where photosynthesis takes place Chlorophyll: A chemical compound found inside the chloroplast. Makes plants green
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Chloroplast The chloroplast has several parts that are important to it’s function in photosynthesis Thylakoid membranes Inner membrane Outer membrane Stroma
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Stroma: A thick fluid found inside the chloroplast
The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma
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Chloroplast Thylakoid membranes: Found inside the chloroplast as flat disk like structures Stacks of thylakoids are called granum The light reaction occurs in the Thylakoids
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Photosynthesis equation
Sunlight + CO2 + H2O -> Sugar + O2 ****Know this for the test**** Sunlight
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Photosynthesis happens in two main stages
Light Reaction (occurs in the thylakoid membranes) Converts the energy in sunlight into chemical energy(ATP)
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Uses chemical energy and CO2 + H to make sugar
Photosynthesis 2. Calvin Cycle (stroma) Uses chemical energy and CO2 + H to make sugar Sugar then goes into cellular respiration so the cells can do work.
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H H
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Light Reaction
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Light energy Sunlight is a form of electromagnetic energy
Travels in wave form Wavelength: The distance between two adjacent waves
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Light Energy Electromagnetic Spectrum: The range of types of electromagnetic energy from short to long wavelengths.
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Pigment: A chemical compound giving a substance color.
Pigments Pigment: A chemical compound giving a substance color. When light hits a pigment it has three options Absorbed Transmitted Reflected
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Chloroplast Pigment A chloroplasts pigment chlorophyll:
Absorbs Blue-violet and red-orange light and convert it to energy Reflects Green light leading to the leaf being green
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Inputs Sunlight H2O Light Cycle Outputs O2 gas to environment
H+ to Stroma ATP
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Calvin Cycle Inputs Outputs CO2 ATP H+ Sugar
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Results Photosynthesis takes in sunlight, CO2, and H2O Releases O2 and sugar Sugar and O2 go into cells to complete cellular respiration
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