1. Agriscience Applications
Biotechnology

2. The Beginning… Bio Technology
In your notebook write a definition for biotechnology
Bio
Technology

3. Application of science to an industrial or commercial objective
The Beginning…
Bio
Life or living
Application of science to an industrial or commercial objective
Technology

4. According to Merriam-Webster…
Main Entry:
bio·tech·nol·o·gy
Function:
noun
Date:
1941
1: the manipulation (as through genetic engineering) of living organisms or their components to produce useful usually commercial products (as pest resistant crops, new bacterial strains, or novel pharmaceuticals) ; also : any of various applications of biological science used in such manipulation

5. History Biotechnology has been around since the beginning of time
Yeast to make bread rise
Bacteria to ferment sauerkraut
Bacteria to produce cheese, yogurt
Transform grain into alcohol

6. Biotechnology Silage Used for animal feed
Green grasses and grains stored in air tight containers
Converts sugars and starches to acids

7. The Genetic Connection
Genetics
Biology of heredity
Transmission of characteristics from an organism to its offspring through genes in reproductive cells
Gregor Mendel
Experimented with garden pea plants

8. The Genetic Connection
Genes
Components of cells that determine individual characteristics of all living things
Comprised of DNA
The “Blueprint” of cells and their successive cells

9. The Genetic Connection
Animal Cell

10. The Genetic Connection
Gene Mapping
Matching a gene to a trait
Determines what gene is responsible for certain traits
Examples:
Tendency of baldness
Tendency of females to have twins
Height of plants

11. Application of Biotechnology
DNA Matching
Identifying the parents of offspring
Genetic engineering
Early 1980’s
Modifies the genetic make-up of animals and plants
Movement of genetic information (genes) from one cell to another

12. Products of Genetic Engineering
Insulin
Treats diabetes
Herbicide resistant crops
BST (bovine somatotrapin)
Increases milk production
Lee-minus
Bacteria that retards frost formation on plants
Convert waste to fuel

13. Objective
Explore the structure of DNA as it is related to examples of agricultural plants and animals

14. DNA Found in all living cells
All DNA is similar in structure and function
transmitter of heredity information

15. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Come in pairs of strands Shape
connected by bases
Shape
double helix

16. DNA in Genetics Gene Splicing Examples:
Removing and inserting genes into DNA
Alters a given characteristic
Examples:
Alter a plants susceptibility to disease
Make a plant resistant to insects
Alter bacteria to increase meat production

17. Gene Mapping
The process of finding and recording the location of genes

19. Recombinant DNA Improves animal and plant performance by manipulation
Alter microorganisms
Control
disease
insects
weeds
pest
Less use of chemicals more biological control
better for the environment

20. Concerns Federal and state governments monitor use Extensive testing
Laboratory to the greenhouse
Final testing is occurs outdoors prior to final approval
Final approval only after all phases are completed

21. Assignment Organize a discussion group with two other people.
Explore four benefits and concerns of biotechnology
Record your benefits and concerns in your notes with an explanation
Provide the best solution for your concerns
Be ready to share your work