1. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

2. The Beginning of Trouble Started when James I took the throne after Elizabeth died Started when James I took the throne after Elizabeth died Believed he had “divine right” Believed he had “divine right” His greatest weakness: always asking Parliament for money to fund his extravagant lifestyle His greatest weakness: always asking Parliament for money to fund his extravagant lifestyle Parliament and the people were not always happy with his foreign policy too Parliament and the people were not always happy with his foreign policy too

3. Religion vs. the Monarchy James was head of church and state James was head of church and state The Puritans felt there was still too much Catholic influence in the Church of England and wanted change The Puritans felt there was still too much Catholic influence in the Church of England and wanted change James felt criticism of the church meant you were not a loyal subject and should leave James felt criticism of the church meant you were not a loyal subject and should leave One important contribution: King James Bible One important contribution: King James Bible

4. Charles’ Abuse of Power Son of James, he also believed in divine right, opposed Puritans and married a Catholic Son of James, he also believed in divine right, opposed Puritans and married a Catholic When a request for money was denied he: When a request for money was denied he: –Put areas under martial law –Dissolved Parliament –Quartered troops in private homes

5. Charles (cont’d) He would persecute Puritans He would persecute Puritans Thousands of Puritans went on to seek religious freedom in the American colonies Thousands of Puritans went on to seek religious freedom in the American colonies James further angered Scotland when he tried to force Anglican prayer on them James further angered Scotland when he tried to force Anglican prayer on them They were prepared to defend their freedom They were prepared to defend their freedom

6. Beginnings of War The Scots invaded England and the Irish rebelled over the practice of land grants The Scots invaded England and the Irish rebelled over the practice of land grants Charles was in desperate need of money Charles was in desperate need of money He was forced to call Parliament back and they were determined to limit his power He was forced to call Parliament back and they were determined to limit his power Charles refused to agree to their demands and both sides prepared for war Charles refused to agree to their demands and both sides prepared for war

7. English Civil War Cavaliers  those who supported Charles; nobles and landowners from north Cavaliers  those who supported Charles; nobles and landowners from north Roundheads  supporters of Parliament and Puritans; came from south Roundheads  supporters of Parliament and Puritans; came from south Roundheads were lead by Oliver Cromwell Roundheads were lead by Oliver Cromwell 4 yrs of conflict 4 yrs of conflict Parliament won and Charles was executed Parliament won and Charles was executed

8. England’s New Government The Rump Parliament set up a commonwealth or a republic The Rump Parliament set up a commonwealth or a republic This parliament proved to be ineffective over time This parliament proved to be ineffective over time Cromwell placed England under military rule Cromwell placed England under military rule When he died, people wanted a change and restored the monarch under Charles II When he died, people wanted a change and restored the monarch under Charles II Representative gov’t and individual rights would be a main focus and no more absolute monarchies would reign Representative gov’t and individual rights would be a main focus and no more absolute monarchies would reign