1. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Motivation I: Needs, Job Design, and Satisfaction Chapter Six

2. 6-2 After reading the material in this chapter, you should be able to: LO6.1 Discuss the integrated model of motivation. LO6.2 Contrast Maslow’s and McClelland’s need theories. LO6.3 Describe three conceptually different approaches to job design.

3. 6-3 After reading the material in this chapter, you should be able to: LO6.4 Review the personal and contextual factors that contribute to employee engagement and its consequences. LO6.5 Discuss the causes and consequences of job satisfaction. LO6.6 Identify the causes of counterproductive work behavior and measures to prevent it

4. 6-4 Fundamentals of Employee Motivation Motivation  psychological processes cause the arousal, direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed

5. 6-5 An Integrated Model of Motivation

6. 6-6 McClelland’s Need Theory Need for achievement  Desire to accomplish something difficult. Need for affiliation  spend more time maintaining social relationships, joining groups, and wanting to be loved Need for power  Desire to Influence, coach, teach, or encourage others to achieve.

7. 6-7 Motivating Employees Through Job Design Job Design  any set of activities that involve the alteration of specific jobs or interdependent systems of jobs with the intent of improving the quality of employee job experience and their on-the-job productivity

8. 6-8 Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Model

9. 6-9 Top-Down Approaches: Job Enrichment Job enrichment  Modifying a job such that an employee has the opportunity to experience achievement, recognition, stimulating work, responsibility, and advancement

10. 6-10 The Job Characteristics Model

11. 6-11 Forms of Job Crafting Table 6-1

12. 6-12 Causes of Job Satisfaction Need fulfillment  extent to which the characteristics of a job allow an individual to fulfill his or her needs Discrepancies  satisfaction is a result of met expectations Value attainment  Extent to which a job allows fulfillment of one’s work values

13. 6-13 Causes of Job Satisfaction Equity: satisfaction  is a function of how “fairly” an individual is treated at work Dispositional/Genetic Components  satisfaction is partly a function of both personal traits and genetic factors

14. 6-14 Correlates of Job Satisfaction Organizational commitment  reflects the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals Organizational citizenship behavior  employee behaviors that exceed work-role requirements

15. 6-15 Counterproductive Work Behavior Counterproductive work behavior  represent types of behavior that harm employees, the organization as a whole, or organizational stakeholders such as customers and shareholders.  theft, gossiping, back-stabbing, drug and alcohol abuse, destroying organizational property, violence, tardiness, sabotage, and sexual harassment