1. Cambridge Engineering Design Centre Department of Engineering Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ INCLUSIVE DESIGN AND DESIGN EXCLUSION Hua Dong and John Clarkson Engineering Design Centre

2. Inclusive Design Definition: An approach to the design of mainstream products and services that are accessible and usable by as many people as reasonably possible, without the need for adaptation or specialist design. BS 7000 Part 6. British Standards Institute, 2005

3. Inclusive Design Context: Market pull: e.g. Population ageing Technology push: e.g. Mobile technology Legislation: e.g. Disability Discrimination Act...

4. Design Exclusion Definition: Design exclusion arises when product demands exceed the actual capability of targeting users for interacting with the product.

5. Design Exclusion Frustration and exclusion

6. Design Exclusion Example: Picture: an example of design exclusion

7. Why Does Design Exclude? A contrast: Designers (Source: Design industry research 2005) 62% of designers are under 40 30% of designers are in their 20s 61% of designers are men Consumers (Source: UK census 2001) 21% of UK population is over 60 Half of the UK population is now over 46 Fewer men than women at all ages over 21

8. How to Design Inclusively? Empathise users Pictures to illustrate two methods of empathising users

9. How to Design Inclusively? Involving users in the design process Case study 1: Kettlesense Case study 2: B&Q DIY tools Case study 3: Rx hand tools Case study 4: Tools for pieceworkers

10. Case Study 1 Kettlesense Three slides: (Credit: Alloy Total Product Design) Slide 1: project background Slide 2: an image of Kettlesense Slide 3: a picture showing the critical user forum

11. Case Study 2 B&Q DIY tool Three slides: (Credit: HHRC and Matthew White) Slide 1: project background Slide 2: an image of Gofer screw driver Slide 3: a picture showing user groups involved

12. Case Study 3 Rx hand tool Three slides: (Credit: Ergonomidesign) Slide 1: project background Slide 2: an image of Rx hand tool Slide 3: a standard procedure of user testing

13. Case Study 4 Tools for manual pieceworkers Three slides: (Credit: HHRC and Yoko Tsurumaru) Slide 1: project background Slide 2: an image of the tools for pieceworkers Slide 3: a picture showing users using the tools

14. Conclusion Some design exclusion may be seen as a reflection of gender inequalities on design practice, however, by effectively working with users, designers can develop more inclusive solutions, thus countering such design exclusion.