1. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Global High-performance Networking and TransPAC2 James Williams Indiana University TransPAC2 Principal Investigator williams@indiana.edu

2. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Topics To Be Discussed TransPAC2 overview TransPAC2 architecture and engineering goals TransPAC2 service goals 2005 plan Coordination opportunities Asian politics

3. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY The TransPAC2 Project Follow-on to the TransPAC project Funded by the US National Science Foundation (SCI-0441096) US partners are Indiana University and Internet2 Asian partner is APAN About $1M/year in funding for 5 years Encourages scientific collaboration between researchers in Asia and the US

4. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY TransPAC2 Architectural Goals Continue high-performance connectivity across the Pacific Ocean [OC-192 connection between US and Tokyo] Enhance connectivity by assisting in the development of an intra-Asia backbone [Tokyo-Hong Kong-Singapore] or beyond

5. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY TransPAC2 Architecture

6. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY TransPAC2 Engineering Topology TransPAC2 OC-192 connects APAN Tokyo XP with TransPAC2 router in Los Angeles LA TransPAC2 router maintains BGP peering with North American R&E Networks Connectivity in US via Pacific Wave Ethernet Exchange Point Pacific Wave nodes in LA and Seattle interconnected via 10GigE lambda on National LambdaRail facility Tokyo-Hong Kong connectivity via OC-48 circuit Cisco 15454 SONET switches multiplex two GigE circuits to provide connectivity to both Hong Kong Exchange Points Hong Kong-Singapore link details to be worked out

7. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY TransPAC2 Engineering Topology Diagram

8. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY North America-Asia Circuit Priorities Three major production circuits between North America and Asia (not including AU) TransPAC2 (LA and Seattle) JGN2 (Chicago) NII/SINET (New York) All three circuits will back each other up Primary circuit: TransPAC2 Secondary circuit: NII/SINET Tertiary circuit: JGN2 BGP routes will be localpref’d according to the above scheme on all networks

9. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY TransPAC2 Service Goals Provide production networking to facilitate research cooperation between the US and Asia Cooperation with Internet2 HOPI project US-Asian cooperation on “lightpath” technologies will be crucial in future development Initial assets will allow for MPLS and GMPLS-like experimentation, with future equipment possibly supporting layer 2 and layer 1 services Security coordination Measurement coordination AAI development

10. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY HOPI and TransPAC2 The Internet2 HOPI project will attempt to provide both routed and circuit-based functionality Over the next year, the HOPI Design Team will test and evaluate vendor equipment in an effort to define the capabilities and implications of a hybrid network The initial focus will be on “lightpath” creation In 2005, a HOPI testbed will be created to answer some core questions What defines a deterministic path through a layer3 network? latency and jitter guarantees? bandwidth protection? What does the network need to do to provide a lightpath MPLS and QoS and STS/STM and ??? What flavor of MPLS? (L2VPN or L3VPN or stitched LSPs?) How dynamic do lightpaths need to be? How will the lightpaths be created? GMPLS? UCLP? Human? How will lightpaths cross administrative boundaries? Indiana University has been involved with the HOPI project from it’s inception TransPAC2 will work with Internet2 to develop mutual goals and similar resources Lightpath support will be important to future network growth, though a shared and production packet-based service offering will likely always service the majority of users Lightpath-based experimentation will only be undertaken if it will pose no significant risk to the production nature of the TransPAC2 service offering.

11. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Security An important issue that needs IRNC-wide attention Need for central data collection, contact list and incident coordination Need for international incident response URL: http://www.ren-isac.net/http://www.ren-isac.net/

12. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY The TransPAC2 measurement effort will provide valuable data and tools to network engineers and researchers in order to debug network problems and improve application performance TransPAC2 will deploy an Asian Observatory framework in Asia, modeled after the US-based Abilene Observatory. This framework will help determine performance characteristics of the complete network path by aggregating information about the segments that make up the network path TransPAC2 Measurement

13. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY The Asian Observatory system consists of PCs at key locations along the network backbone collecting and analysing measurement data This work makes use of existing tools such as the bwctl and owamp codes developed by the Internet2 piPEs project. Other tools from the Abilene NOC, APAN NOC JP, and NLANR will be deployed on this hardware as well Data collection and analysis will conform to the guidelines developed by Matt Zekauskas and Matt Mathis for the IRNC project, the GGF, and other policy makers in the measurement community TransPAC2 Measurement (cont.)

14. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Measurement machines will be deployed in the TransPAC2 US co-location space to collect data (some resources already located in Tokyo) Full code implementation of existing measurement and analysis tools Schedule persistent tests between APAN/TransPAC2 and Abilene Observatory nodes Make measurement data available to the network and research communities Foster collaboration between the APAN measurement community and other global network measurement projects such as the IRNC initiative 2005 Measurement Goals

15. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure TransPAC goal to promote development of national AAI in APAN countries Why? –In support of: Access to lightpath/HOPI-like services Access to performance measurement/monitoring tools and services Authenticated sharing of network security information Inter-institutional collaboration broadly – Grid, authenticated video-conferencing, etc.

16. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY AAI(2) How? –Leverage NSF NMI program –Leverage Internet2 and other countries’ emerging national AAI efforts Cotswold’s group ‘Cookbook’ –PRAGMA collaboration

17. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Supporting Production Science High-performance bandwidth across the Pacific [OC-192] combined with development of an inter-Asia backbone provide necessary infrastructure for e-science Typical (everyday, non-heroic) applications include e-VLBI data transfers, HEP data transfers between Japan and the US, grid computing research and standard everyday science activities

18. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Supporting Production Science (cont.) Physics: www.riken.go.jp and www.kek.jpwww.riken.go.jp www.kek.jp Nanotechnology:www.nims.go.jpwww.nims.go.jp Grid computing:www.pragma-grid.netwww.pragma-grid.net Earth science:www.ees.hokudai.ac.jpwww.ees.hokudai.ac.jp PRAGMAwww.pragma-grid.orgwww.pragma-grid.org

19. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY TransPAC2 Current Status TransPAC2 has received NSF funding (SCI-0441096) James Williams, Indiana University–Principal Investigator Douglas Van Houweling, Internet2–Co-PI APAN network owners committed to the TransPAC2 effort Purchase of OC-192c services complete OC-48 between Tokyo and Hong Kong in place Purchase of US end equipment to be located in Los Angeles is complete We expect the OC-192 to be active 5/1/2005

20. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY 2005 Plans Operationalize OC-192May 1 Establish link to SingaporeOct 1 Web siteMay 1 Coordinating CommitteeMay 1 Measurement mentioned previously Security being discussed HOPI ongoing AII ongoing

21. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Coordination Opportunities Sharing of bandwidth across the Pacific (10Gbp is plenty for all) Linking AU and Hawaii into Asia in a cost effective manner Clarifying the Hong Kong route exchange issue and general HK connectivity Exchange Point pricing

22. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Interesting Networking Observations The “bandwidth problem” between the US and Asia has been solved! >60Gbps available as of 4/1/05 The “access problem” within Asia continues Tien2 Project is one effort to address this problem The “north-south” problem within Asia continues Now we have to address the network service infrastructure and scientific collaboration problem.

23. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY Interesting Asian Political Issues Politics and economics are now allowing more networking cooperation among Asian countries Regulated telecommunications environments Desire to “connect directly to the US” Uncomfortable nature of “sharing” Within country disputes

24. INDIANAUNIVERSITYINDIANAUNIVERSITY James Williams TransPAC2 Principal Investigator williams@indiana.edu