1. Chapter 28: Forensic Psychology Chapter 29: Forensic Psychiatry Chapter 30: Serial Offenders: Linking Cases by Modus Operandi and Signature Chapter 31: Criminal Personality Profiling

2. 2 Some murders are committed only for the offender’s own enjoyment and psychological satisfaction Many killers have high numbers of victims and their actions are sadistically brutal

3. 3 Mass murder: The killing of several people at one location. Spree murder: The killing of several people at different locations over a period of several days. These killers typically commit suicide or are killed by the police. Two types of mass murderers: Those who chose specific targets who the killers believe to have caused them stress. Those who attack targets having no connection with the killer but who belong to groups the killer dislikes.

4. 4 Most mass murderers are motivated by a hatred that simmers until some specific event provides the flame that brings it to a boil. Spree killers move from victim to victim in fairly rapid succession. Spree killing is rare, but spree-killing teams are even rarer and are typically composed of a dominant leader and submissive lover. Spree and mass murderers have increased steadily in the United States since the middle of the century. Mass and Spree Murder

5. 5 FBI’s three criteria for defining a killer as a serial killer: Kill in three or more separate events. At three or more separate locations. Engage in an emotional cooling off period between murders. Serial murder: The killing of three or more victims over an extended period of time.

6. 6 Some empirical evidence suggested that roughly 20% of the murders in the United States yearly were committed by serial killers. However, other data sources contented that the share of serial killers accounted for no more than 300-400 murders each year.

7. 88% MALE AVERAGE AGE 28.5 TARGETED STRANGERS 62% CAUCASIAN 85% OPERATE IN SPECIFIC LOCATION 71%

8. ADOLESCENT LIFE ALL COME FROM DYSFUNCTIONAL BACKGROUNDS INVOLVING SEXUAL OR PHYSICAL ABUSE BIPOLAR MODE DISORDER A FEELING OF RESENTMENT TOWARDS SOCIETY SEXUAL FRUSTRATIONS DAY DREAMING ISOLATION

9. MOST NOT PSYCHOTIC THEY ARE PSYCHOPATHS THEY PERCEIVE THEMSELVES AS GODS BECOME ADDICTED TO KILLING *You can also have Copy Cat Killers: those who set out to copy more infamous killers

10. Definitions of Psychopath (or sociopath) on the Web: *A person who willfully does damage without remorse. "Such individuals are insensitive to other's needs, and unable to anticipate the consequences of their behavior... characterized by absence of guilt and anxiety normally accompanying an antisocial act."

11. Visionary: betterment of society, for better good Missionary: justified killings Hedonistic: pleasure (lust) Economic Gain: for material ends, “things” Power & Control: domination, abused as child, most common Sexual in Nature You may come across additional reasons in your research. http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/

12. 12 Biological Predisposition (low arousal levels, possible prefrontal cortex damage, etc) Environmental Trauma/Stress  Predisposition Self-esteem and self- control problems Sexual dysfunction  Maladap tive coping skills Retreat into fantasy world  Dissocia- tive process  First Kill! Figure 12.2 Stephen Giannangelo's Diathesis/Stress Model of Serial Killing

13. 13 The Investigative Support Unit (ISU) of the FBI has developed methods of profiling serial killers and other violent offenders through extensive interviewing and formal psychological testing of incarcerated killers in order to develop a typology based on personality and other offender characteristics. Offender profiling is augmented by crime scene analysis, which often tells experienced investigators a lot about the perpetrator’s personality. May serial murders may occur in diverse police jurisdictions without law enforcement being able to not the connections between them. This problem is known as linkage blindness.

14. 14 In 1985, the FBI created the Violent Criminal Apprehension Program (VICAP) which was a national clearinghouse that collates information on unsolved violent crimes from different jurisdictions. Law enforcement now has the ability to link a number of homicides committed in different jurisdictions to a single individual or individuals. Law Enforcement’s Response to Serial Killing

15. Jeffrey Dahmer David Berkowicz (Son of Sam) Jack the Ripper Zodiac Killer Albert Desalvo (Boston Strangler) Yorkshore Ripper BTK Weepy-Voiced Killer Charles Ng & Leonard Lake Eddie Gein “Mad Butcher of Kingsbury Run” The Frankford Slasher William Burke & William Hare Frederick Bailey Deeming Fritz Haarmann Black Dahlia Black Widow Charles Manson John Wayne Gacey Ted Bundy Daisey de Melker (South Africa’s 1 st serial killer) Clairemont SK Green River Killer Rostov Ripper Carl Panzram Axeman of New Orleans Berrima Axe Murderer Anna Marie Hahn Jack the Stripper ***Adolf Hitler***

16. Write a 1 page report answering the question: What makes a killer kill? The focus of this activity is to get you to begin thinking about why homicides occur, what the causes are, actions that are taken, and what makes a killer become a serial killer. You are to use your textbook, chapter 31, as a guide in profiling a criminal. You should also use the Internet, or books you have read in the past/are currently reading, to assist with devising your explanation of your serial killer. There are countless reasons as to why people kill people. Your job is to not solve the crime or evaluate the case proceedings. Your job is to examine and give your best reasoning as to the thinking and motives and actions of a killer. Keep in mind that when a person goes from a single murder to becoming a serial killer, the reasoning behind their actions become more specific and ‘unrealistic’ in nature.