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Published byJessica Long Modified over 9 years ago
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PUBLIC SPEAKING Speaking in Small Groups Copyright 2012 1
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Small Group Collection of 3-12 (18) people who assemble for specific purpose Copyright 20122
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Problem-Solving Group Formed to solve particular problem Copyright 20123
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Leadership Influencing group to help achieve goals Copyright 20124
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Kinds of Group Leaders Implied Emergent Designated Copyright 20125
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Implied Leader Member to whom others defer because of rank or expertise Copyright 20126
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Emergent Leader Member who emerges as leader during deliberations Copyright 20127
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Designated Leader Member elected or appointed as leader when group is formed Copyright 20128
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Group Needs Procedural Task Maintenance Copyright 20129
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Procedural Needs Routine “housekeeping” actions necessary for efficient conduct of group business Copyright 201210
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Task Needs Substantive actions necessary to help small group complete its task Copyright 201211
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Maintenance Needs Communicative actions that maintain interpersonal relations within the group Copyright 201212
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Small Group Responsibilities Commit to group goals Fulfill individual assignments Avoid interpersonal conflicts Encourage full participation Keep discussion on track Copyright 201213
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Hidden Agenda Unstated individual goals that may conflict with group goals Copyright 201214
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Reflective-Thinking Method Five-step method for directing discussion in small group Copyright 201215
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Reflective-Thinking Method Define problem Analyze problem Establish criteria for solutions Generate potential solutions Select best solution Copyright 201216
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Question of Policy Whether specific course of action should or should not be taken Copyright 201217
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Discussion Question Guidelines Make question clear, specific Phrase question to allow for many answers Avoid biased questions Pose single question Copyright 201218
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Clear & Specific Question Ineffective: – What should be done about fraudulent charities? More Effective: – What should the federal government do to control the activities of fraudulent charities? Copyright 201219
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Allow Many Answers Ineffective: – Should our community build more bike paths? More Effective: – What should our community do to improve services for bike riders? Copyright 201220
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Avoid Biased Questions Ineffective: – How can we keep the campus bookstore from ripping off students? More Effective: – What changes, if any, should be made in the pricing policies of the campus bookstore? Copyright 201221
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Single Question Ineffective: – What revisions should our school consider in its admissions requirements and in its graduation requirements? Copyright 201222
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Pose Single Question More Effective: – What revisions should our school consider in its admissions requirements? More Effective: – What revisions should our school consider in its graduation requirements? Copyright 201223
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Consensus Decision acceptable to all group members Copyright 201224
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Group Recommendations Oral report Symposium Panel Copyright 201225
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Oral Report Speech presenting group’s findings, decisions, etc. Copyright 201226
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Symposium Public presentation in which people give speeches on different aspects of topic Copyright 201227
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Panel Discussion Structured conversation among people in front of audience Copyright 201228
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