1. 1 Hydro Power Catherine Walker American Public University Used with permission from: Professor Stephen Lawrence Leeds School of Business University of Colorado Boulder, CO

2. 2 Hydrologic Cycle http://www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmos/hydro.htm

3. 3 History of Hydro Power

4. 4 Early Irrigation Waterwheel Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2 nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003

5. 5 Early Roman Water Mill Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2 nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003

6. 6 Early Norse Water Mill Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2 nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003

7. 7 Fourneyron’s Turbine Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2 nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003

8. 8 Hydro Power to Electric Power Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Electrical Energy Mechanical Energy Electricity http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/images/technical/hydro-power.jpg

9. How it works 9 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glAiIDoTREE&feature=related

10. 10 Uses of Hydro Power

11. 11 U.S. Energy Consumption – US

12. 12 World hydro production Source: http://grist.org/climate-energy/hydropower-continues-steady-growth/

13. 13 Three Gorges Dam (China)

14. 14 Itaipú Dam (Brazil & Paraguay) “Itaipu,” Wikipedia.org

15. 15 Guri Dam (Venezuela) http://www.infodestinations.com/venezuela/espanol/puerto_ordaz/index.shtml

16. 16 Grand Coulee Dam (US) www.swehs.co.uk/ docs/coulee.html

17. 17 Percent Hydropower by US State http://www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/SecInfo/HydroS.pdf

18. 18 Hydropower Design

19. 19 Terminology  Head Water must fall from a higher elevation to a lower one to release its stored energy. The difference between these elevations is called head  Dams: three categories high-head (800 or more feet) medium-head (100 to 800 feet) low-head (less than 100 feet)  Power is proportional to the product of head x flow http://www.wapa.gov/crsp/info/harhydro.htm

20. 20 Types of Hydroelectric Installation Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2 nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003

21. 21 Conventional Impoundment Dam http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/hydro_plant_types.html

22. 22 Example Hoover Dam (US) http://las-vegas.travelnice.com/dbi/hooverdam-225x300.jpg

23. 23 Diversion (Run-of-River) Hydropower

24. 24 Example Diversion Hydropower (Tazimina, Alaska) http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/hydro_plant_types.html

25. 25 Pumped Storage Schematic

26. 26 Example Courtright Reservoir (California)

27. 27 Turbine Design

28. 28 Types of Hydropower Turbines Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2 nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003

29. 29 Francis Turbine – Grand Coulee Dam "Water Turbine," Wikipedia.com

30. 30 Fixed-Pitch Propeller Turbine "Water Turbine," Wikipedia.com

31. 31 Kaplan Turbine Cross Section "Water Turbine," Wikipedia.com

32. 32 Housing for Pelton Wheel – Seven Oaks Dam East End Hydro Operations

33. How a Pelton Turbine Works 33

34. 34 Pros and Cons

35. Pros  Little to no emissions  Very responsive  Very efficient  Requires little maintenance  Create reservoir lakes Cons  Construction costs  Disruption of ecosystems  Sedimentation  Few feasible sites  Failure  Drought can affect power production 35