1. Chapter 3: Connecting to the World’s Information Lesson 10: Computers and Daily Life © 2010, 2006 South-Western, Cengage Learning

2. New Ideas from Space GPS systems Weather prediction Heating/cooling for homes Hazardous chemical storage Air/water purification Recycling Scratch-resistant sunglasses Laser treatment of arteriosclerosis Medical devices: pacemaker & defibrillator Computer hardware & software Lesson 10 Slide 2  The space program led to a wave of inventions:

3. The PC Race The Space Race: What the rush to the moon in the 1960s was called. –This resulted in the need for NASA’s development of smaller computers for space travel First Electronic Computers: were introduced in mid-1900s –Very very large! Some computers were housed in Large Rooms and weighed hundreds of pounds! Lesson10 Slide 3

4. The PC Race First Electronic Computers (continued) –Could perform only basic functions: add, subtract, divide, multiply –Could do this much faster than a human, but compared to today’s machines – VERY SLOW! Lesson Slide 4

5. The PC Race Advances in computers came slowly as demand grew: –Eventually, people started building smaller computers –The milestones in today’s computing world are outlined in next few slides Lesson Slide 5

6. Computing History Milestones 1946 –First large-scale electronic computer (ENIAC) was created Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer ENIAC's design and construction were financed by the United States Army during World War II Lesson 10 Slide 6

7. Computing History Milestones 1951 –UNIVAC bought by U.S. Census Bureau One of the first commercial computers UNIVersal Automatic Computer Lesson 10 Slide 7

8. Computing History Milestones 1963 –First computer mouse Developed by Douglas Engelbart Nicknamed the “mouse” because a tail came out the end The early mouse was a wooden shell with two metal wheels Lesson 10 Slide 8

9. Computing History Milestones 1965 –Minicomputers were introduced First computers to use integrated circuits Multi-user computer Usually took up one or two refrigerator-sized cabinets –Smaller than mainframes, which filled a room Lesson 10 Slide 9

10. Computing History Milestones 1969 –Small computers helped astronauts land on the moon Lesson 10 Slide 10

11. Computing History Milestones 1977 – Apple PC introduced –Two 5-1/4” floppy disk drives and a monitor 1981 – IBM (International Business Machines) PC introduced –CPU was Intel 8088 @ 4.77 MHz –Available RAM was 16kb to 256kb Personal (single-user) computers were now practical for business and personal use Lesson 10 Slide 11

12. Computing History Milestones Lesson 10 Slide 12

13. Computing History Milestones Lesson 10 Slide 13 1983 –Notebook computers were introduced –Early notebooks were made by Tandy, Epson and NEC TRS-80 Model 100 specifications: –3 MHz Intel 80c85 processor –8 kb memory, up to 32 kb –Monochrome LCD screen (40 characters x 8 rows) –Weight: 4 lb. –Battery life: 20 hours (on 4 AA batteries)

14. Computing History Milestones 1984 –Apple introduces the Macintosh Graphical interface used pictures and icons instead of text-mode and command-driven software Bundled applications were MacWrite and MacPaint The desktop included a trash can where you could drag files to delete them Lesson 10 Slide 14

15. Computing History Milestones 1991 –The World Wide Web debuted as a publicly available service on the internet Hypertext pages containing text, images, and links that could be immediately followed with a click –Tim Berners-Lee, an English computer scientist and MIT professor, is credited with inventing the Web Under development from 1980-1991 –The internet is much older than the WWW Lesson 10 Slide 15

16. Computing History Milestones Lesson 10 Slide 16 1993 –PDAs were introduced Personal Digital Assistant First small, handheld computers –Designed for use as a personal organizer with communications capabilities The Apple Newton was an early PDA

17. Computing History Milestones 2001 –Tablet PCs were introduced Notebook without a keyboard Screen incorporates a digitizer –Pen computing Lesson 10 Slide 17

18. Computing History Milestones 2007 –Apple releases the iPhone Handheld computer AND a phone with wireless internet capabilities –Touchscreen allows fingertip input Lesson 10 Slide 18

19. How Computers Improve Productivity Productivity: a measure of how much work can be done in a certain amount of time We have lived for thousands of years without computers –So why have we become so dependent on them now? –Because they increase our productivity Lesson Slide 19

20. How Computers Improve Productivity How do computers make people more productive? List your ideas in your notes – share with class (brainstorm!) Lesson Slide 20

21. How Computers Improve Productivity Can computers make people less productive? List some ideas in your notes – share with class (brainstorm!) Lesson Slide 21

22. How Computers Improve Productivity Can you get along without a computer, cell phone, or other digital tools? List ideas in your notes – share with class (brainstorm) Lesson Slide 22

23. Impact of Computers on Society Imagine if all computers suddenly disappeared. As you go through your day, think how things would be different… School: heating, cooling, emergency, and communication systems all use computers –Digital clocks, lights, fire alarms, attendance, grades, assignments from teachers… Lesson Slide 23

24. Impact of Computers on Society Transportation: without computers, most modern cars would stop working. –Traffic lights, warning systems, amber alerts, pollution control, starter systems… Lesson Slide 24

25. Impact of Computers on Society Home: Most appliances, clocks, and other electronic devices would stop working –Digital phones, TVs, radios, DVD players, computer games/systems, Internet, email, instant messaging, home security systems… Lesson Slide 25

26. Impact of Computers on Society Money and Shopping: Monetary transactions are routed and recorded by computers –ATM machines, credit card systems, debit cards, computerized cash registers, elevators & escalators… Lesson Slide 26

27. Impact of Computers on Society The Space Program: Without computers, spaceships would never get off the ground, satellites would quit working, the International Space Station would crash to Earth. –We might not discover new opportunities in our expanding universe! Lesson Slide 27