1. The Periodic Table

2. Periodic Table – Arrangement of all elements – Mendeleev 1 st to see pattern of elements and arranged according to these patterns The Periodic Table – Arranged according to: Increasing atomic number Changes in physical properties Changes in chemical properties

3. Periodic Table – Uses abbreviations to represent elements – Some symbols and names are from: Latin and Greek derivatives Scientists Places Element’s properties

5. Metals on Periodic Table Metals – Found to the left of the stair-step line on periodic table Properties of Metals – Good conductors of heat and electricity – All but 1 (Mercury) are solids

6. Metals on the Periodic Table Properties of Metals – Most are shiny – Malleable Hammered or rolled into thin sheets – Ductile Drawn into wires – Forms compounds with non-metals

8. The Alkali Metals Alkali Metals – Group 1 on periodic table – Softer than most metals – Very reactive – Alkali metals Alkali metals – Examples Lithium Sodium Potassium Rubidium Cesium Francium (very rare and radioactive)

9. The Alkaline Earth Metals Alkali Earth Metals – Group 2 on periodic table – Very similar to alkaline metals – Very reactive – Reactivity of Alkaline Earth Metals Reactivity of Alkaline Earth Metals – Examples Beryllium Magnesium Calcium Strontium Barium

10. Transition Metals – Groups 3 – 12 on periodic table – Often form colored compounds – Transition Metals Transition Metals – Examples Iron Gold Nickel Copper Silver Cobalt

11. Inner Transition Elements – Comprised of the 2 rows that seem disconnected from periodic table – Lanthanide and Actinide Series Lanthanide and Actinide Series – Lanthanides Many of these bond with carbon and used to produce many colors on tv screen – Actinides All are radioactive and very unstable

13. Nonmetals – All but Hydrogen (H) are found to the right of the stair-stepped line – Properties Gases or very brittle solids Not malleable Not ductile Do not conduct heat or electricity well

14. Hydrogen – In group 1 but is a nonmetal – 90% of atoms in universe are H atoms – Exists in many compounds and as a diatomic molecule – Discovering Hydrogen Discovering Hydrogen – Diatomic molecule Bonding of two atoms of the same element

15. Halogens – Group 17 on the periodic table – Very reactive – Forms many compounds with metals – These compounds are called salts – Examples NaCl KCl

16. Noble Gases – Group 18 on the periodic table – Very stable elements – Do not form compounds with other elements – All exist as gases – Examples Helium Neon Argon Krypton

17. Metalloids – Elements along the stair- step line on the periodic table – Have characteristics of both metals and non- metals – Examples Boron Silicon Aluminum Arsenic

18. Boron Group – Group 13 on the periodic table – Considered a “mixed” group because it consists of metalloids and metals – Examples Boron Aluminum Gallium

19. Carbon Group – Group 14 on the periodic table – Also a “mixed” group with nonmetal, metalloid and metals – Examples Carbon Silicon Tin Lead

20. Nitrogen Group – Group 15 on the periodic table – Also a “mixed” group – Examples Nitrogen Phosphorous Arsenic

21. Oxygen Group – Group 16 on the periodic table – Also a “mixed” group – Examples Oxygen Sulfur Selenium