1. CHAPTER 2 The Accusative Case

2. Review of Chapter 1 In Chapter 1 you learned that Latin has 5 CASES. Two important facts to remember: 1. The case of a noun is determined by its use in the sentence. 2. The ending of a Latin noun will tell you what case that word is in.

3. Review, continued the Nominative case is used for subjects and predicate nominatives. the Ablative Case is used as the object of the preposition, “in”.

4. Use of the Accusative Case The first use of the Accusative case is for direct objects. Examples: Will ate an apple. Anna played the piano. Michelle planted the tomato plants in the garden. Each of the highlighted words is a direct object, and it would have an accusative ending.

5. Direct Objects and their Verbs A direct object receives the action of a verb. The direct object will answer who? or what? after the verb. Examples: Matthew hit the ball. What did he hit? The ball......ball is the direct object. I love you! Whom do I love? You......You is the direct object.

6. Action Verbs Notice that to have a direct object, you must have an action verb. Linking verbs (est, sunt) are never followed by direct objects.

7. Accusative Endings In Latin, direct objects will have an Accusative ending. The Accusative endings for all three declensions are listed below. N.B. All singular direct objects end in –m; all plural direct objects end in –s. NumberFirst Declension Second Declension Third Declension Singularvillamamicumcanem Pluralvillasamicoscanes

8. Word Order Typically, the word order in a Latin sentence is: Subject Direct Object Verb S DOV HOWEVER…the use of the noun is dictated by the ENDING, not the word order.

9. Recap You have now learned 3 cases: Nominative, Accusative, Ablative. CaseUse NominativeSubject, predicate nominative AccusativeDirect Object AblativeObject of Preposition