1. 29 RANGE DETERMINATION

2. 29 SAFETY: RISK ASSESMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS:

3. 29 TLO u LIST THE METHODS USED TO ESTIMATE RANGE TO A TARGET u INCORPORATE THE VARIOUS TECHNIQUES LEARNED IN RNG. DETR. ON FUTURE GUNNERY AND TRAINING MISSIONS ENABLING THE STUDENT TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION. u PART OF THE GNRY. EXAM. MUST ACHIEVE 80 % OR BETTER.

4. 29 At times, because of the tactical situation, the BC or gunner may have to estimate range. These methods are used only to estimate range. Flash to bang method 100 meter unit-of-measure method

5. 29 100 Meter Unit Of Measure Method 100 M 200 M 300 M 4OO M 500 M * The BC can accurately determine range out to 500 meters using this method with practice.

6. 29 Flash to Bang Method Using this method, the BC determines the time it took from the moment the flash was determined to the time the Bang occurred. Then apply the following formula; Second x 350 ( speed of sound ) = distance Ex- 3 seconds from flash to bang observed by BC; 3 sec x 350 fps = 1050meters

7. 29 CONDITIONS THAT MAKE TARGETS APPEAR CLOSER BRIGHT, CLEAR DAY SUN IN FRONT OF THE TARGET HIGH ELEVATIONS LARGE TARGETS BRIGHT COLORS(WHITE,RED,YELLOW) CONTRAST LOOKING ACROSS RAVINES, HOLLOWS, RIVERS, DEPRESSIONS.

8. 29 CONDITIONS THAT MAKE TARGETS APPEAR FARTHER FOG, RAIN, HAZE, SMOKE, DUSK, DAWN SUN BEHIND TARGET LOW ELEVATIONS SMALL TARGETS DARK TARGET COLORS(BROWN, BLACK, GREEN) CAMOUFLAGED TARGETS(PAINTED, NETTING)

9. 29 BRADLEY COMMANDER Bradley eyesafe laser range finder M1 laser range finder Laser range finder (AN/GVS-5) ISU horizontal ranging stadia ISU lead lines Auxiliary sight Binoculars RANGE DETERMINATION METHODS Reference material

10. 29 GUNNER RANGE DETERMINATION METHODS Bradley eyesafe laser range finder ISU horizontal ranging stadia ISU lead lines Auxiliary sight Range card

11. 29 MEASURING THE TARGET WITH THE ISU RETICLE

12. 29 HORIZONTAL RANGING STADIA Choking the hull

13. 29 HORIZONTAL RANGING STADIA Choking the turret

14. 29 FRONT AND FLANK TARGET VIEWS *General Rule of Thumb; If you see more of the front, it’s a frontal view, more of the flank, it’s a flank view.

15. 29 Front and Flank views

16. 29 5 MILS 6.75 METERS Range determination using binoculars The BMP is 6.75 meters long (W). Using binoculars, the BC determines that the BMP measures 5 mils in length. W m = R Substitute the two known values for W and m W m = 6.75 5 1.35= Since R is expressed in thousands of meters, multiply by 1,000; and round off to the nearest tenth, for example:.35 =.4;.31 =.30 1.40 x 1,000 = 1,400 meters, the range to the BMP. 543 21 0 10 15 20 245 5

17. 29 MILS X 1000 = RANGE(METERS) WIDTH IS THE KNOWN SIZE OF THE VEHICLE MILS IS MEASURED WITH A RETICLE (BINOCULARS OR ISU) WIDTH(METERS) MIL-RELATION FORMULA

18. 29 RETICLE LEAD LINES

19. 29 RETICLE LEAD LINES

20. 29 TOW MAXIMUM ENGAGEMENT RANGE Estimate TOW maximum engagement range

21. 29 AUXILIARY SIGHT THE AUXILIARY SIGHT HAS A STADIA THAT ALLOWS BOTH RANGE ESTIMATION AND APPLICATION OF THE CORRECT SUPER ELEVATION BASED ON RANGE. - THIS SYSTEM IS USED TO DETERMINE THE RANGE AND TO ENGAGE THE FRONTAL OR FLANK VIEW OF A TARGET. - THE M792(HEI-T) SCALE GOES TO 3,200 METERS. - THE M791(APDS-T) SCALE GOES TO 3,400 METERS. - COAX FIRING IS CONDUCTED USING THE SAME METHOD AS M792(HEI-T), USING THE M792 STADIA LINES.

22. 29 Flank View AUXILIARY SIGHT FLANK VIEW DETERMINES RANGES FROM 400 - 3400M

23. 29 Frontal view AUXILIARY SIGHT FRONTAL VIEW

24. 29 SESSION SUMMARY

25. 29 TLO: u LIST THE METHODS USED TO ESTIMATE RANGE TO A TARGET u INCORPORATE THE VARIOUS TECHNIQUES LEARNED IN RNG. DETR. ON FUTURE GUNNERY AND TRAINING MISSIONS ENABLING THE STUDENT TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION. u PART OF THE GNRY. EXAM. MUST ACHIEVE 80 % OR BETTER.

26. 29 ELO: EFFECTIVELY DETERMINE RANGE USING ALL AVAILABLE ASSETS GIVEN IN A MECHANIZED BFV EQUIPED UNIT.

27. 29 CHECK ON LEARNING?

28. 29 RANGE DETERMINATION