1. Teaching Strategy Algorithms Elvandra Hutt, RN, BSN Elvandra Hutt, RN, BSN MSN 7750

2. Algorithms Defined An algorithm is a specific set of instructions for carrying out a procedure or solving a problem. Any set of detailed instructions which results in a predictable end-state from a known, beginning. (Wisegeek.com)

3. Why use Algorithms? Engage students’ intellect. Develop students’ understanding and skills. Stimulate students to make connections. Promote the development of students’ dispositions to do mathematics.

4. Types of Algorithms Flow charts Graphs Puzzles Tables

5. Example of an Algorithm Instructions for assembling a model airplane. Given the starting set of a number of marked pieces, one can follow the instructions given to result in a predictable end-state: the completed airplane.

6. Example continued Misprints in the instruction, or a failure to properly follow a step will result in a faulty end product.

7. Educational Theory Cognitive Learning Theory The key to learning and changing is the individual’s cognition (perception, thought, memory, and ways of processing and structuring information). (Bastable, 2008)

8. Cognitive Constructivism Psychologists William Perry an Jean Piaget developed a cognitive approach that focused on mental processes rather than observable behavior. Knowledge comprises symbolic mental representation. (Perry, W.G.,1999)

9. Cognitive Model of Learning Students must discover meaning by using information-processing strategies, memories, and attentional and motivational mechanisms to organize and understand it. (Billings D. & Halstead, J. 2009)

10. Application of algorithms Data Conversion Computer programs Mathematical puzzles Decision trees & flow diagrams

11. Appropriate Settings Computer labs Medical settings Classrooms (K-12) (Undergrad & Grad) Research labs Engineering

12. Pros of Algorithms Shows students how to spot the most relevant information for problem solving Develops reliable, complex problem- solving. Decreases the amount of one-on-one instruction

13. Cons of algorithms The steps must be clearly defined or students will not be able to accurately complete the task. Students may need to be taught how to use algorithms in problem solving. Developing algorithms can be consuming for faculty.

14. Evaluation Formative Should there be more opportunity for return demonstration. Summative Where behavioral objectives met?

15. References Bastable, S.B. (2008). Nurse as educator:Principles of teaching and learning.3 rd Ed. Boston: Jones & Bartlett. Billings, D., & Halstead.J. (2009). Teaching in nursing: A guide for faculity.St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier. http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-algorithm.htm. retrieved May 1st 2009http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-algorithm.htm. retrieved May 1st 2009. Perry, W. G. (1999). Forms of Ethical and Intellectual Development in the College Years. San Francisco:Jossey-Bass Publishers. Venables, A. & Tan, G. (2007). A Hands on Strategy for Teaching Genetic Algorithms to Undergraduates. Journal of Information Technology Education,6,249-261.