1. APUSH: Spiconardi

2. Bio: Born in the Virginia (South) to a white father and a slave mother Founded Tuskegee University in Alabama Many presidents sought his counsel on racial issues in America First African-American ever invited to the White House (1901)

3. Bio Born in Massachusetts (North) First African American to receive a Masters Degree and Ph.D. from Harvard University Helped form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

4. Views Equality for blacks will take a long time The best way to gain equality is through economic success Money = Social and Political Influence Learn a trade to earn money Until then Live in harmony and appease whites Accept segregation Don’t fight too hard Confrontation would be disastrous for blacks

5. Booker T. Who is this white man?

6. Views Wanted equality immediately Urged blacks to end segregation through protest Did not believe racial harmony was possible as blacks were being lynched and their political rights denied Challenge and question whites on all grounds Forget trade/skill education! Blacks deserve the same high level and liberal arts education as whites

7. The Talented Tenth A collection of essays in which Du Bois states One in ten black men would rise as leaders of the race They would help reduce crime in the black community "The Negro race, like all races, is going to be saved by its exceptional men. The problem of education, then, among Negroes must first of all deal with the Talented Tenth; it is the problem of developing the Best of this race that they may guide the Mass away from the contamination and death of the Worst.”

8. Mission: “to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination” Uses the legal system to fulfill its mission

9. Jamaican-born activist who supported Pan- Africanism Championed black separatism Urged followers to move to Africa Believed people of African descent would never be treated justly in white-run countries Advocated for the economic empowerment of blacks