1. FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

2. Objectives of the lesson:
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
1. Discuss the importance of government.
2. Classify the different forms of the government.
3. Compare and contrast the different classifications of government.

3. Rationale
Aristotle had a strong belief that citizens should be educated in a manner that moulds their minds to suit the form of government under which he or she lives, meaning that every government developed its own individual character and the better the character the better the government. Hence, one of things that is imperative for us to understand is the government.
It is important to teach the college student about the government so they begin the process of becoming informed citizens. Government is a huge part of social studies and history. Many historical events have happened due to what political people have said or done, so it is important for them to know their roles.

4. The unit is going to be partially instructor directed and also the students will be exploring the issues further based on personal interest. Students will be encouraged to question and explore why the government runs the way that it does. The lesson, therefore, tries to discuss the relevance of having a government, its powers, functions and responsibilities, and its different classification as well.

5. The term government is derived from the Latin word “gubernare” or “gubernaculum” meaning to rudder or steer.
According to Professors Ayson and Reyes, the government of the state is at the very center of politics.
Government – refers to the agency through which the will of the people is formulated, expressed and carried out.
One of the four essential elements of the state.

6. Essential Questions Forms of Government
How can we classify governments?
How are systems of government defined in terms of who can participate?
How is power distributed within a state?
How are governments defined by the relationship between the legislative and executive branches?

7. Classifying Governments
Governments can be classified by three different standards. 1. As to the number of persons exercising sovereign powers. 2. As to extent of powers exercised by the central or national government. The geographic distribution of governmental power within the state. 3. As to the relationship between the executive and legislative branches of government.

8. Forms of Government Absolute Monarchy Limited Monarchy
Aristocracy/Oligarchy
Direct Democracy
Indirect/Representative Democracy
Unitary
Confederation
Federal
Parliamentary
Presidential

9. As to the number of persons exercising sovereign powers.
Monarchy
Aristocracy/Oligarchy
Dictatorship
Democracy

10. Monarchy
The powers are vested in the hands of a single person without regard to the source of his election or the nature of the duration of his tenure. Governance of a king, queen, emperor, sultan, emir

11. Classification of Monarchy
2. Constitutional/limited Monarchy
1. Absolute Monarchy

12. Absolute Monarchy
This is a country where kings and queens are born into ruling families.
The ruler rules in accordance with the divine right.
Their power is inherited and unlimited.

13. Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah 29th Sultan of Brunei Countries: Saudi Arabia, Brunei, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain

14. Constitutional /Limited Monarchy
This is a type of limited government where there is a king or queen but their power is limited by laws and the people elect representatives to a parliament or congress.
The ruler rules in accordance with the constitution.

15. Elizabeth II
Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 16 commonwealth realms and other 54 commonwealth of nations
Countries:
Malaysia, Thailand, Spain, Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Sweden, Monaco

16. Aristocracy / Oligarchy
the political power resides in, and is exercised by, a special and usually small class of persons whose privilege arises from birth, wealth, superior wisdom or priestly title.

17. House of Lords (Upper House) of the Parliament
United Kingdom

18. Peerage
The peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, which is constituted by the ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system.

19. Ranks of Peerage Peerages Male Female Dukedom Duke Duchess Marquessate
Marchioness
Earldom
Earl
Countess
Viscountcy
Viscount
Viscountess
Barony
Baron
Baroness
Baronetcy
Baronet
(Knight)
Baronetess
(Dame)

20. Dictatorship
This is a country ruled by a single leader. The leader has not been elected and may use force to keep control.
Autocracy is a government in which a single person holds unlimited political power
In a military dictatorship, the army is in control.

21. KIM JONG-UN Supreme Leader of North Korea Countries: Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam, Mynmar,

22. Democracy
In democracy, the supreme political authority rest with the people.

23. Types of Democracy 1. Absolute or Direct Democracy
2. Indirect, Representative Democracy, Republicanism

24. Direct Democracy
This is a form of limited government where the people govern themselves directly—voting individually on issues.

25. Indirect, representative or republican democracy
In a representative democracy, the government is elected by the people. Everyone who is eligible to vote has a chance to have their say over who runs the country. They elect representatives who then make and enforce the laws.

26. Barack Hussein Obama II 44th President United States of America Countries: Philippines, USA, Singapore

27. Confederation Government Federal Government
As to extent of powers exercised by the central or national government. As to extent of powers exercised by the central or national government. The geographic distribution of governmental power within the state.
Unitary Government
Confederation Government
Federal Government

28. Classification by Geographic Distribution of Power
Unitary Government has all powers held by a single central agency Confederation Government is an alliance of independent states. Federal Government is one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local government.

29. Unitary Government -has all powers held by a single central agency
Executive Power – held by the Philippine president
Legislative Power – Congress of the Philippines
House of Senate
(Upper House)
House of Representative (Lower House)

30. Confideration Government
-is an alliance of independent states. United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a confederation of seven emirates (equivalent to principalities), each governed by a hereditary emir, who choose one of their members to be the president of the federation

31. Federal Government
is one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local government.
United States of America is federal states

32. As to the relationship between the executive and legislative branches of government.
Parliamentary Government
Presidential Government

33. Classification by the Relationship Between Legislative and Executive Branches
The Presidential Relationship
Voters elect the legislature and the chief executive who is part of Executive Branch.
The legislature and executive are independent and co-equal.
System of Checks and Balance
The Parliamentary Relationship Voters elect the legislature. The chief executive is drawn from the legislature.

34. Parliamentary Government
It is the system in which the real executive – the cabinet or ministry – is immediately and legally responsible to the legislature or one branch of it for its legislative and administrative acts.
merger of the executive and legislative department).

35. Presidential Government
The president is the chief executive. The head of the state and government.
President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III

36. Parliamentary Government
Prime Minister is a member of the executive and legislative branch
The head of the Parliament who is also the head of the government
The monarch/ruler is the head of the state (ceremonial by nature)
Parliament of the United kingdom
House of Lords
(Upper House)
House of Commons (Lower House)

37. David Cameroon Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Countries: Malaysia, Netherlands, Denmark, UK, Russia, Japan

38. Philippine Government

39. What is the form, structure and system of the Philippine Government?

40. Form: Structure: System:
Republican Unitary Presidential