1. Set 8 Vocabulary Students will read to determine the meanings and pronunciations of unfamiliar words and phrases.

2. acrid A car in traffic came to a sudden stop. The rubber from the tires let off an acrid smell. I quickly rolled my windows up so that I would not have to smell the bad fumes.

3. acrid (adj.) Sharp, irritating, or bitter to the sense of taste or smell

4. casualty When I turned on the news and saw that a tsunami had hit Japan I was saddened by the devastation. There were many casualties. I couldn’t help but feel bad for the families that had lost family and friends.

5. casualty (n.) A person killed or injured in a war or accident.

6. congested We take the subway during rush hour to avoid the congested city streets. Can you think of an example that would relate to JML?

7. congested(adj.) 1. Overcrowded; filled too full. 2. Filled with fluid. congestion(n.) 1. The condition of being overcrowded. 2. The condition of being filled with fluid.

8. cope When my family went to the parade, there were so many people it was hard to move. There were extra police on duty to cope with the large crowds. I was impressed with how they were dealing with all of the people.

9. Cope (v.) To manage problems or difficulties successfully.

10. headlong Students made a headlong rush for the school exits on the last day of school. They were so excited to leave they didn’t hear the teachers say, “Have a great summer break!”

11. headlong (adj.) with great speed or force; reckless. (adv) recklessly; without time for careful thought

12. hurtle Before I knew what was happening, a snowball hurtled past my ear and the snowball fight had begun.

13. hurtle(v.) to move with great force and speed

14. impede When students do not line up against the wall when waiting for their teacher, it creates an impediment to the flow of traffic.

15. impede (v.) to get in the way of; to interfere with movement of. Impediment (n.) An obstacle; something that gets in the way.

16. inevitable A certain amount of wear on even the best tires is inevitable with normal use.

17. inevitable (adj.) bound to happen; unavoidable.

18. initiate In an effort to encourage technology use in the classroom, JML initiated BYOT at the beginning of April.

19. initiate (v.) 1. to put into effect; to bring into use. 2. To take in as a member. initiation (n.) 1. The act of beginning. 2. The ceremony or process that makes one a member.

20. irate Students found out that there would be 5 hours of homework each night starting in May. Irate students protested the extreme amount of homework that teachers gave them.

21. irate (adj.) very angry; furious

22. lax Frequent inspections are designed to ensure that airline safety procedures have not become lax.

23. lax (adj.) 1. Not strictly enforced; undemanding; careless. 2. Not tight; loose

24. negligent Being distracted while driving is a form of negligence. Make sure you are always following the law.

25. negligent (adj.) failing to take proper care of or to give proper attention to. negligence (n.) The quality, state, or act of being negligent.

26. smolder Hot ashes smolder long after the flames have died down.

27. smolder (v.) 1. To burn slowly without bursting into flames. 2. To exist in a hidden state before bursting into the open.

28. stringent Ms. Viola Swamp had a list of 75 very stringent rules posted in the classroom.

29. stringent (adj.) strict; severe

30. throng Many people came to support the new presidential candidate. The throng of supporters cheered when the candidate arrived on stage.

31. throng (n.) A large number of people gathered together; a crowd. (v.) To gather or move in large numbers.