2. ENVS 201 Spring Quarter 2012 Northwest Indian College Welcome to Northwest Plants

3. Plant Parts stems roots leaves flowers fruits seeds vegetative organs: reproductive components:

4. Today: Roots

5. bean seedling (Phaseolus) showing root system

6. Root Features & Functions anchor plants to substrate (e.g., soil) water and nutrient uptake may be variously modified (e.g., adventitious roots, food storage, etc.) interactions with soil, microorganisms (in root nodules) and fungi (mycorrhizae)

7. adventitious roots (in Coleus)

8. roots modified for food storage Beet (Beta) sweet potato (Ipomoea) Carrot (Daucus)

9. mycorrhizal root

10. hogpeanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata) with root nodules

11. root cells of pea (Pisum) in root nodules (infected with Rhizobium) bacterium—> root cell—>

12. Root Features primary root - the main root of the root system secondary root - a branch root rootlet - a small root root nodule - swelling produced by bacteria (e.g., in legumes), site of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizobium)

13. Root Types taproot system (common in eudicots, e.g., dandelion, burdock & carrot) fibrous root system (monocots, e.g., grasses, and some eudicots) adventitious roots (e.g., Coleus)

14. taproots of burdock (Arctium) & dandelion (Taraxacum)

15. Root Regions root apical meristem - produces cells that lengthen roots root hair - outgrowth of outer cell of root, extends absorbing region of root root tip - tip (apex) of a young root root cap - mass of cells at root tip, protective & maintains downward growth root lateral meristem (vascular cambium) - produces cells that thicken roots, vascular tissues

16. root l.s. showing root tip <—apical meristem <—root cap root tip

17. root hairs (in grass seedling)

18. basswood (Tilia) lateral meristem (vascular cambium) vascular—> cambium

19. Questions & Comments?

20. Rootsarecool.

21. Hy’shqe!