1. REACH-CRC © 2012 REACH-CRC. All Rights Reserved.FALL 2012

2. Mathematical Functions ROUND SUM SUMIF Statistical Functions AVERAGE AVERAGEIF COUNT COUNTIF COUNTA LARGE MAX MIN SMALL Information Functions ISNA ISREF ISERROR ISBLANK Logical Functions AND OR NOT IF Date & Time Functions DATEDIF TODAY NOW YEARFRAC Database Functions DAVERAGE DSUM DMAX DMIN DCOUNT Lookup Functions VLOOKUP HLOOKUP LOOKUP INDEX MATCH Text Functions FIND LEFT LEN RIGHT CONCATENATE UPPER LOWER PROPER

3. Lookup Functions INDEX MATCH

4. Logical Functions Mathematical Functions Statistical Functions Information Functions Lookup Functions Date Functions Time Functions Text Functions Database Functions Financial Functions

5. AND =AND(logical1, [logical2],...) OR =OR(logical1, [logical2],...) NOT =NOT(logical) IF =IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

6. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Syntax: =AND(logical1, [logical2],...) Arguments: logical1 Required  The first condition that you want to test that can evaluate to either TRUE or FALSE. logical2,... Optional  Additional conditions that you want to test that can evaluate to either TRUE or FALSE, up to a maximum of 255 conditions.

7. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Description: Returns FALSE if one or more arguments is FALSE Otherwise, all arguments must evaluate TRUE Remarks: Arguments must evaluate to logical values Arguments must be arrays or references that contain logical values Text and empty cells are ignored in arrays or references Errors: #VALUE – If no logical values exist in a specified range

8. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions 

9. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions 

10. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Syntax: =OR(logical1, [logical2],...) Arguments: logical1 Required  The first condition that you want to test that can evaluate to either TRUE or FALSE. logical2,... Optional  Additional conditions that you want to test that can evaluate to either TRUE or FALSE, up to a maximum of 255 conditions.

11. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Description: Returns TRUE if one or more arguments is TRUE Otherwise, all arguments must evaluate FALSE Remarks: Arguments must evaluate to logical values Arguments must be arrays or references that contain logical values Text and empty cells are ignored in arrays or references Errors: #VALUE – If no logical values exist in a specified range

12. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions  

13. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Syntax: =NOT(logical) Arguments: logical Required  A value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE.

14. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Description: Reverses the value of its argument. Remarks: If logical is FALSE, NOT returns TRUE if logical is TRUE, NOT returns FALSE Errors: None

15. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions

16. Syntax: =IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false]) Arguments: logical_test Required  Any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE. value_if_true Optional The value that you want to be returned if the logical_test argument evaluates to TRUE. If logical_test evaluates to TRUE and the value_if_true argument is omitted (that is, there is only a comma following the logical_test argument), the IF function returns 0 (zero). To display the word TRUE, use the logical value TRUE for the value_if_true argument.

17. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Syntax: =IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false]) Arguments: value_if_false Optional  The value that you want to be returned if the logical_test argument evaluates to FALSE.  If logical_test evaluates to FALSE and the value_if_false argument is omitted, (that is, there is no comma following the value_if_true argument), the IF function returns the logical value FALSE.  If logical_test evaluates to FALSE and the value of the value_if_false argument is omitted (that is, in the IF function, there is a comma following the value_if_true argument), the IF function returns the value 0 (zero).

18. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions Description: The IF function returns one value if a condition you specify evaluates to TRUE, and another value if that condition evaluates to FALSE. Remarks: Up to 7 IF functions can be nested as value_if_true and value_if_false arguments to construct more elaborate tests. (2003) Up to 64 IF functions can be nested as value_if_true and value_if_false arguments to construct more elaborate tests. (2007) If any of the arguments to IF are arrays, every element of the array is evaluated when the IF statement is carried out. Errors: None

19. Microsoft ® Excel ® Logical Functions value_if_true  [value_if_false ]

20. ROUND =ROUND(number,num_digits) SUM =SUM(number1,[number2],...) SUMIF =SUMIF(range,criteria,[sum_range])

21. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions Syntax: =ROUND(number, num_digits) Arguments: number Required  The number that you want to round. num_digits Required  The number of digits to which you want to round the number argument.

22. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions Description: Rounds a number to a specified number of digits. Remarks: If num_digits is greater than 0 (zero), then number is rounded to the specified number of decimal places. If num_digits is 0, the number is rounded to the nearest integer. If num_digits is less than 0, the number is rounded to the left of the decimal point. Errors: None

23. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions

24. Syntax: =SUM(number1, [number2], [number3], [number4],...) Arguments: number1 Required  The first item that you want to add. number2, number3, number4,... Optional  The remaining items that you want to add, up to a total of 255 items.

25. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions Description: Adds all the numbers that you specify as arguments. Remarks: Each argument can be a range, a cell reference, an array, a constant, a formula, or the result from another function. If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, or text in the array or reference are ignored. Errors: If any arguments are error values, or if any arguments are text that cannot be translated into numbers, Excel displays an error.

26. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions

27. Syntax: =SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]) Arguments: range Required  The range of cells that you want evaluated by criteria. o Cells in each range must be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. o Blank and text values are ignored.  criteria Required  The criteria in the form of a number, expression, a cell reference, text, or a function that defines which cells will be added. o Criteria can be expressed as 32, ">32", B5, "32", "apples", or TODAY(). sum_range Optional  The actual cells to add, if you want to add cells other than those specified in the range argument. o Excel adds the cells that are specified in the range argument (the same cells to which the criteria is applied).

28. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions Description: Sums the values in a range that meet criteria that you specify. Remarks: See the Microsoft ® Excel ® help for additional remarks. Errors: None

29. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions

30. Syntax: =FLOOR(number,significance) Arguments: number Required  The numeric value that you want to round. significance Required  The multiple to which you want to round.

31. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions Description: Rounds number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. Remarks: Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded down when adjusted away from zero. If number is an exact multiple of significance, no rounding occurs. Errors: #VALUE! – If either argument is nonnumeric #NUM! – If number and significance have different signs

32. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions

33. Syntax: =CEILING(number,significance) Arguments: number Required  The numeric value that you want to round. significance Required  The multiple to which you want to round.

34. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions Description: Returns number rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of significance. Remarks: Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero. If number is an exact multiple of significance, no rounding occurs. Errors: #VALUE! – If either argument is nonnumeric #NUM! – If number and significance have different signs

35. Microsoft ® Excel ® Mathematical Functions

36. AVERAGE =AVERAGE(number1, [number2],...) AVERAGEIF =AVERAGEIF(range,criteria,[average_range]) COUNT =COUNT(value1, [value2],...) COUNTA =COUNTA(range) COUNTIF =COUNTIF(range, criteria) MAX =MAX(number1,[number2],...) MIN =MIN(number1,[number2],...) LARGE =LARGE(array,k) SMALL =SMALL(array,k)

37. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Syntax: =AVERAGE(number1, [number2],...) Arguments: number1 Required  The first number, cell reference, or range for which you want the average. number2,... Optional  Additional numbers, cell references or ranges for which you want the average, up to a maximum of 255.

38. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments. Remarks: Arguments can either be numbers or names, ranges, or cell references that contain numbers. Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted. If a range or cell reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are ignored; however, cells with the value zero are included. Errors: Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

39. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions

40. Syntax: =AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, [average_range]) Arguments: range Required  One or more cells to average, including numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. criteria Required  The criteria in the form of a number, expression, cell reference, or text that defines which cells are averaged. average_range Optional  The actual set of cells to average.

41. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria. Remarks: If average_range is omitted, range is used. Cells in range that contain TRUE or FALSE are ignored. If a cell in average_range is an empty cell, AVERAGEIF ignores it. If a cell in criteria is empty, AVERAGEIF treats it as a 0 value. Errors: #DIV/0 – If range is a blank or text value. #DIV/0 – If no cells in the range meet the criteria.

42. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =AVERAGEIF(B2:B5,"<23000")

43. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =AVERAGEIF(B2:B5,"<23000") =14000

44. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =AVERAGEIF(A2:A5,"<95000")

45. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =AVERAGEIF(A2:A5,"<95000") =#DIV/0

46. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =AVERAGEIF(A2:A5,">250000",B2:B5)

47. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =AVERAGEIF(A2:A5,">250000",B2:B5) =24500

48. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Syntax: =COUNT(value1, [value2],...) Arguments: value1 Required  The first item, cell reference, or range within which you want to count numbers. value2,... Optional  Up to 255 additional items, cell references, or ranges within which you want to count numbers.

49. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Counts the number of cells that contain numbers, and counts numbers within the list of arguments. Remarks: Arguments that are numbers, dates, or a text representation of numbers (for example, a number enclosed in quotation marks, such as "1") are counted. Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted. Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers are not counted. If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, text, or error values in the array or reference are not counted. Errors: None

50. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions

51. Syntax: =COUNTA(value1, [value2],...) Arguments: value1 Required  The first argument representing the values that you want to count. value2,... Optional  Additional arguments representing the values that you want to count, up to a maximum of 255 arguments.

52. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Counts the number of cells that are not empty in a range. Remarks: Counts cells containing any type of information, including error values and empty text ("“). The COUNTA function does not count empty cells. Errors: None

53. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =COUNTA(A1:A8)

54. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions =COUNTA(A1:A8) =6

55. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Syntax: =COUNTIF(range, criteria) Arguments: range Required  One or more cells to count, including numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. o Blank and text values are ignored.  criteria Required  A number, expression, cell reference, or text string that defines which cells will be counted. o Criteria can be expressed as 32, ">32", B4, "apples", or "32".

56. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Counts the number of cells within a range that meet a single criterion that you specify. Remarks: See the Microsoft ® Excel ® help for additional remarks. Criteria are case insensitive Errors: None

57. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions

58. Syntax: =MAX(number1,[number2],...) Arguments: number1, number2,... Required  1 to 255 numbers for which you want to find the maximum value.

59. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Returns the largest value in a set of values. Remarks: Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted. If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are used. Empty cells, logical values, or text in the array or reference are ignored. If the arguments contain no numbers, MAX returns 0 (zero). Errors: Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

60. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions

61. Syntax: =MIN(number1,[number2],...) Arguments: number1, number2,... Required  1 to 255 numbers for which you want to find the minimum value.

62. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Returns the smallest value in a set of values. Remarks: Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted. If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are used. Empty cells, logical values, or text in the array or reference are ignored. If the arguments contain no numbers, MIN returns 0 (zero). Errors: Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

63. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions

64. Syntax: =LARGE(array,k) Arguments: array Required  The array or range of data for which you want to determine the k- th largest value.  k Required  The position (from the largest) in the array or cell range of data to return.

65. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Returns the k-th largest value in a data set. Remarks: If n is the number of data points in a range, then LARGE(array,1) returns the largest value. If n is the number of data points in a range, then LARGE(array,n) returns the smallest value. Errors: #NUM! – If array is empty #NUM! – If k ≤ 0 #NUM! – If k is greater than the number of data points

66. =LARGE(array,k) 3rd largest number in the numbers in columns A and B

67. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6 3rd largest number in the numbers in columns A and B

68. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6,3) 3rd largest number in the numbers in columns A and B

69. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6,3) 3rd largest number in the numbers in columns A and B List the numbers in descending order: 7 6 5 4 3 2 =5

70. =LARGE(array,k) 7th largest number in the numbers in columns A and B

71. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6 7th largest number in the numbers in columns A and B

72. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6,7) 7th largest number in the numbers in columns A and B

73. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6,7) 7th largest number in the numbers in columns A and B List the numbers in descending order: 7 6 5 4 3 2

74. =LARGE(array,k) =LARGE(A2:B6,7) 7th largest number in the numbers in columns A and B List the numbers in descending order: 7 6 5 4 3 2 =4

75. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Syntax: =SMALL(array,k) Arguments: array Required  The array or range of data for which you want to determine the k- th smallest value.  k Required  The position (from the smallest) in the array or cell range of data to return.

76. Microsoft ® Excel ® Statistical Functions Description: Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set. Remarks: If n is the number of data points in a range, then SMALL(array,1) returns the smallest value. If n is the number of data points in a range, then SMALL(array,n) returns the largest value. Errors: #NUM! – If array is empty #NUM! – If k ≤ 0 #NUM! – If k is greater than the number of data points

77. =SMALL(array,k) 4th smallest number in first column

78. =SMALL(array,k) =SMALL(A2:A10 4th smallest number in first column

79. =SMALL(array,k) =SMALL(A2:A10,4) 4th smallest number in first column List the numbers in ascending order: 2 3 4 5 6 7

80. =SMALL(array,k) =SMALL(A2:A10,4) 4th smallest number in first column List the numbers in ascending order: 2 3 4 5 6 7 =4

81. =SMALL(array,k) 2nd smallest number in second column

82. =SMALL(array,k) =SMALL(B2:B10 2nd smallest number in second column

83. =SMALL(array,k) =SMALL(B2:B10,2) 2nd smallest number in second column List the numbers in ascending order: 1 3 4 7 8 12 23 54

84. =SMALL(array,k) =SMALL(B2:B10,2) 2nd smallest number in second column =3 List the numbers in ascending order: 1 3 4 7 8 12 23 54

85. ISERR =ISERR(value) ISERROR =ISERROR(value) ISNA =ISNA(value) ISBLANK =ISBLANK(value)

86. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions Syntax: =ISERR(value) Arguments: value Required  The value that you want tested

87. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions Description: Returns TRUE if value refers to any error value except #N/A. Remarks: The value arguments of the IS functions are not converted Any numeric values that are enclosed in double quotation marks are treated as text. The IS functions are useful in formulas for testing the outcome of a calculation Errors: None

88. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions Syntax: =ISERROR(value) Arguments: value Required  The value that you want tested

89. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions Description: Returns TRUE if value refers to any error value: #N/A#VALUE!#REF!#DIV/0! #NUM!#NAME?#NULL! Remarks: The value arguments of the IS functions are not converted Any numeric values that are enclosed in double quotation marks are treated as text. The IS functions are useful in formulas for testing the outcome of a calculation Errors: None

90. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions Syntax: =ISNA(value) Arguments: value Required  The value that you want tested

91. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions Description: Returns TRUE if value refers to the #N/A (value not available) error value. Remarks: The value arguments of the IS functions are not converted Any numeric values that are enclosed in double quotation marks are treated as text. The IS functions are useful in formulas for testing the outcome of a calculation Errors: None

92. Microsoft ® Excel ® Information Functions

94. VLOOKUP =VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup]) INDEX =INDEX(array,row_num,[column_num]) MATCH =MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])

95. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions Syntax: =VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,[range_lookup]) Arguments: lookup_value Required  The value to search in the first column of the table or range. table_array Required  The range of cells that contains the data. col_index_num Required  The column number in the table_array argument from which the matching value must be returned. range_lookup Optional  A logical value that specifies whether you want VLOOKUP to find an exact match or an approximate match.

96. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions Description: Searches the first column of a range of cells, and then returns a value from any cell on the same row of the range. Remarks: The values in the first column of table_array can be text, numbers, or logical values. Uppercase and lowercase text are equivalent. If range_lookup is TRUE, the values in the first column of table_array must be placed in ascending order. If range_lookup is TRUE or omitted, an approximate match is returned. If range_lookup is FALSE, an exact match will be attempted.

97. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions Errors: #VALUE! – If col_index_num is less than 1 #REF! – If col_index_num is greater than the number of columns in the table_array #N/A – If range_lookup is FALSE and an exact match cannot be found #N/A – If lookup_value is less than the smallest value in the first column of table_array

98. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) (2)=VLOOKUP(IF(MIN(B6:F18)<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) (3)=VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) (4)=VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) (5)=VLOOKUP(LARGE(D10:G17,4), $C$8:$F$20, 5, FALSE)

99. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE)

100. =VLOOKUP(44*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE)

101. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(44*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE)

102. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(44*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE)

103. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(44*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, 66/E6, TRUE)

104. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(44*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, 66/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, 66/11, TRUE)

105. (1)=VLOOKUP(C11*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(44*2, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, G18/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, 66/E6, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, 66/11, TRUE) =VLOOKUP(88, $B$8:$G$24, 6, TRUE)

106. (2) =VLOOKUP(IF(MIN(B6:F18)<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3)

107. =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3)

108. (2)=VLOOKUP(IF(MIN(B6:F18)<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>11, 38, 83), E11:G22,3)

109. (2)=VLOOKUP(IF(MIN(B6:F18)<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>11), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(FALSE, 38, 83), E11:G22,3)

110. (2)=VLOOKUP(IF(MIN(B6:F18)<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>11), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(FALSE, 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(83, E11:G22,3)

111. (2)=VLOOKUP(IF(MIN(B6:F18)<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>MAX(D3:G5), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(11<>11), 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(IF(FALSE, 38, 83), E11:G22,3) =VLOOKUP(83, E11:G22,3)

112. (3) =VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE)

113. =VLOOKUP(17*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE)

114. (3)=VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*18/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE)

115. (3)=VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*18/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(306/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE)

116. (3)=VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*18/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(306/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(306/6, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE)

117. (3)=VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*18/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(306/6, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(51, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE)

118. (3)=VLOOKUP(MAX(B3:G4)*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*B6/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(17*18/G3, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(306/6, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(51, $C$8:$F$20, 3, FALSE) #N/A

119. (4) =VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4))

120. =VLOOKUP(11*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4))

121. (4)=VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(11*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(11*5, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4))

122. (4)=VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(11*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(11*5, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, IF(1000>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4))

123. (4)=VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(11*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(11*5, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, IF(1000>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, IF(1000>924, 2, 4))

124. (4)=VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) … =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, IF(1000>924, 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, IF(TRUE, 2, 4)) =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, 2)

125. (4)=VLOOKUP(C3*E3, C8:F20, IF(SUM(B3:B24)>SUM(F3:F24), 2, 4)) … =VLOOKUP(55, C8:F20, 2)

126. (5)=VLOOKUP(LARGE(D10:G17,4), $C$8:$F$20, 5, FALSE)

127. =VLOOKUP(58, $C$8:$F$20, 5, FALSE)

128. (5)=VLOOKUP(LARGE(D10:G17,4), $C$8:$F$20, 5, FALSE) =VLOOKUP(58, $C$8:$F$20, 5, FALSE) #REF!

129. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions Syntax: =INDEX(array,row_num,[column_num]) Arguments: array Required  A range of cells or an array constant. row_num Optional  Selects the row in array from which to return a value. o If row_num is omitted, column_num is required. column_num Optional  Selects the column in array from which to return a value. o If column_num is omitted, row_num is required.

130. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions Description: Returns the value of an element in a table or an array, selected by the row and column number indexes. Remarks: If both the row_num and column_num arguments are used, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of row_num and column_num. Errors: #REF! – If row_num and column_num do not point to a cell within array

131. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions

132. Syntax: =MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type]) Arguments: lookup_value Required  The value that you want to match in lookup_array. lookup_array Required  The range of cells being searched. match_type Optional  Specifies how Excel matches lookup_value with values in lookup_array. o The number -1, 0, or 1

133. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions Description: Searches for a specified item in a range of cells, and then returns the relative position of that item in the range Remarks: The lookup_value argument can be a value (number, text, or logical value) or a cell reference to a number, text, or logical value. MATCH returns the position of the matched value within lookup_array, not the value itself. MATCH does not distinguish between uppercase and lowercase letters when matching text values. Errors: #N/A – If MATCH is unsuccessful in finding a match

134. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions ValueBehaviorRestrictions 1 MATCH finds the largest value that is less than or equal to lookup_value. The values in the lookup_array argument must be placed in ascending order. 0 MATCH finds the first value that is exactly equal to lookup_value. None MATCH finds the smallest value that is greater than or equal to lookup_value. The values in the lookup_array argument must be placed in descending order. Default

135. Microsoft ® Excel ® Lookup Functions

136. TODAY =TODAY() NOW =NOW() YEARFRAC =YEARFRAC(start_date,end_date,[basis]) DATEDIF =DATEDIF(startdate,enddate,interval)

137. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Syntax: =TODAY() Arguments: None

138. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Description: Returns the serial number of the current date. Remarks: If the cell format was General before the function was entered, Excel changes the cell format to Date. If you want to view the serial number, you must change the cell format to General or Number. The TODAY function is useful when you need to have the current date displayed on a worksheet, regardless of when you open the workbook. The TODAY function is dependent on your computer’s system clock being correct. Errors: None

139. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =TODAY()

140. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =TODAY()

141. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Syntax: =NOW() Arguments: None

142. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Description: Returns the serial number of the current date and time. Remarks: If the cell format was General before the function was entered, Excel changes the cell format to the same date and time format that is specified in the regional date and time settings in Control Panel. The NOW function is useful when you need to display the current date and time on a worksheet or calculate a value based on the current date and time, and have that value updated each time you open the worksheet. Numbers to the right of the decimal point in the serial number represent the time; numbers to the left represent the date. The results of the NOW function change only when the worksheet is calculated or when a macro that contains the function is run. It is not updated continuously. Errors: None

143. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =NOW()

144. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =NOW()

145. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Syntax: =YEARFRAC(start_date,end_date,[basis]) Arguments: start_date Required  A date that represents the start date. end_date Required  A date that represents the end date. basis Optional  The type of day count basis to use.

146. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Description: Calculates the fraction of the year represented by the number of whole days between two dates (the start_date and the end_date). Remarks: Use the YEARFRAC worksheet function to identify the proportion of a whole year's benefits or obligations to assign to a specific term. Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other formulas or functions. All arguments are truncated to integers. Errors: #VALUE – If start_date or end_date are not valid dates #NUM! – If basis < 0 #NUM! – If basis > 4

147. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =YEARFRAC(A2,A3,A4) What is the fraction of the year between the two dates?

148. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =YEARFRAC(A2,A3,A4) =0.583333333 What is the fraction of the year between the two dates?

149. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Syntax: =DATEDIF(startdate,enddate,interval) Arguments: startdate Required  A date that represents the start date. enddate Required  A date that represents the end date. interval Required  The type of day count basis to use.

150. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Syntax: =DATEDIF(startdate,enddate,interval) Arguments: interval Required  The type of day count basis to use.

151. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions Description: Computes the difference between two dates in a variety of different intervals. Remarks: If you have the interval in another cell referenced by the formula, that cell should not have quotes around the interval string. When calculating date intervals, DATEDIF uses the year of startdate, not enddate when calculating the yd, ym and md intervals Errors: #VALUE – If start_date or end_date are not valid dates #NUM! – If start date is not less than or equal to the end date

152. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =DATEDIF(A2,A3,”d”) What is the difference in days between the two dates?

153. Microsoft ® Excel ® Date Functions =DATEDIF(A2,A3,”d”) =210 What is the difference in days between the two dates?

154. FIND =FIND(find_text,within_text,[start_num]) LEFT =LEFT(text,[num_chars]) LEN =LEN(text) RIGHT =RIGHT(text,[num_chars]) CONCATENATECONCATENATE (including &) =CONCATENATE(text1, [text2],...) UPPER =UPPER(text) LOWER =LOWER(text) PROPER =PROPER(text)

155. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =FIND(find_text,within_text,[start_num]) Arguments: find_text Required  The text you want to find. within_text Required  The text string containing the text you want to find. start_num Optional  Specifies the character at which to start the search.

156. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Locates one text string within a second text string, and returns the number of the starting position of the first text string from the first character of the second text string Remarks: FIND always counts each character. The first character in within_text is character number 1. If you omit start_num, it is assumed to be 1. FIND is case sensitive. If find_text is "" (empty text), FIND matches the first character in the search string (that is, the character numbered start_num or 1).

157. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Errors: #VALUE! – If find_text does not appear in within_text #VALUE! – If start_num is not greater than zero #VALUE! – If start_num is greater than the length of within_text

158. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 11Miriam McGovern =FIND(“M”,A11) =1

159. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 11Miriam McGovern =FIND(“M”,A11,3) =8

160. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 11Miriam McGovern =FIND(“m”,A11) =6

161. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =LEFT(text,[num_chars]) Arguments: text Required  The text string that contains the characters you want to extract. num_chars Optional  Specifies the number of characters you want LEFT to extract.

162. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify Remarks: LEFT always counts each character. Num_chars must be => 0.

163. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Sale Price =LEFT(A2,4) =Sale

164. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Sale Price 3Sweden =LEFT(A3 ) =S

165. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =LEN(text) Arguments: text Required  The text whose length you want to find.

166. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Returns the number of characters in a text string. Remarks: Spaces count as characters.

167. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Phoenix, AZ 3 4 5 6 One =LEN(A2) =11

168. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Phoenix, AZ 3 4 5 6 One =LEN(A4) =0

169. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Phoenix, AZ 3 4 5 6 One =LEN(A6) =8

170. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =RIGHT(text,[num_chars]) Arguments: text Required  The text string that contains the characters you want to extract. num_chars Optional  Specifies the number of characters you want RIGHT to extract.

171. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify. Remarks: RIGHT always counts each character. Num_chars must be => 0.

172. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Sale Price 3 4Stock Number =RIGHT(A2,5) =Price

173. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Sale Price 3 4Stock Number =RIGHT(A2,LEN(A2)-FIND(“ “,A2)) =RIGHT(A2,10-5) =RIGHT(A2,5) =Price

174. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions A 1Data 2Sale Price 3 4Stock Number =RIGHT(A4) =r

175. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =CONCATENATE(text1, [text2],...) Arguments: text1 Required  The first text item to be concatenated. text2 Optional  Additional text items, up to a maximum of 255 items, which must be separated by commas.

176. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Joins up to 255 text strings into one text string. Remarks: The joined items can be text, numbers, cell references, or a combination of those items.

177. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions ABC 1Data 2Brook trout AndreasHauser 3speciesFourthPine 432 =CONCATENATE(“Stream Population for “,A2,” “,A3, “ is “,A4,”/mile”) =Stream Population for Brook trout species is 32/mile

178. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions ABC 1Data 2Brook trout AndreasHauser 3speciesFourthPine 432 =CONCATENATE(B2, “ “, C2) =Andreas Hauser

179. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions ABC 1Data 2Brook trout AndreasHauser 3speciesFourthPine 432 =CONCATENATE(C2, “, “, B2) =Hauser, Andreas

180. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions ABC 1Data 2Brook trout AndreasHauser 3speciesFourthPine 432 =CONCATENATE(B3, “ & “, C3) =Fourth & Pine

181. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions ABC 1Data 2Brook trout AndreasHauser 3speciesFourthPine 432 =B3& “ & “ &C3 =Fourth & Pine

182. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =UPPER(text) Arguments: text Required  The text you want converted to uppercase.

183. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Converts text to uppercase. Remarks: Text can be a reference or text string.

184. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =UPPER(A2) =TOTAL

185. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =UPPER(A3) =YIELD

186. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =LOWER(text) Arguments: text Required  The text you want converted to lowercase.

187. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase. Remarks: LOWER does not change characters in text that are not letters.

188. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =LOWER(A2) =e.e. cummings

189. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =LOWER(A3) =apt. 2b

190. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Syntax: =PROPER(text) Arguments: text Required  Text enclosed in quotation marks, a formula that returns text, or a reference to a cell containing the text you want to partially capitalize.

191. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions Description: Capitalizes the first letter in a text string and any other letters in text that follow any character other than a letter. Remarks: PROPER converts all other letters to lowercase letters.

192. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =PROPER(A2) =This Is A Title

193. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =PROPER(A3) =2-Cent’S Worth

194. Microsoft ® Excel ® Text Functions =PROPER(A4) =76Budget

195. DAVERAGE =DAVERAGE(database,field,criteria) DCOUNT =DCOUNT(database,field,criteria) DMAX =DMAX(database,field,criteria) DMIN =DMIN(database,field,criteria) DSUM =DSUM(database,field,criteria)

196. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions Syntax: =DAVERAGE(database,field,criteria) Arguments: database Required  The range of cells that makes up the list or database. field Required  Indicates which column is used in the function. criteria Required  The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

197. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions Description: Averages the values in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions you specify. Remarks: You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label for specifying the condition Although the criteria range can be located anywhere on the worksheet, do not place the criteria range below the list Make sure the criteria range does not overlap the list To perform an operation on an entire column in a database, enter a blank line below the column labels in the criteria range. Errors: None specified

198. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2) The average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in height.

199. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2) The average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in height.

200. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2) The average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in height.

201. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2) The average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in height.

202. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2) =12 The average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in height.

203. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10,3,A4:E10) The average age of all trees in the database.

204. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10, 3,A4:E10) The average age of all trees in the database.

205. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10, 3,A4:E10) The average age of all trees in the database.

206. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10, 3,A4:E10) The average age of all trees in the database.

207. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DAVERAGE(A4:E10, 3,A4:E10) =13 The average age of all trees in the database.

208. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMAX(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A3) The maximum profit of apple and pear trees.

209. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMAX(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A3) The maximum profit of apple and pear trees.

210. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMAX(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A3) The maximum profit of apple and pear trees.

211. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMAX(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A3) The maximum profit of apple and pear trees.

212. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMAX(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A3) =105 The maximum profit of apple and pear trees.

213. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMIN(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:B2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

214. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMIN(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:B2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

215. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMIN(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:B2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

216. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMIN(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:B2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

217. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DMIN(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:B2) =75 The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

218. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DCOUNT(A4:E10,"Age",A1:F2) This function looks at the records of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Age fields in those records contain numbers.

219. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DCOUNT(A4:E10,"Age",A1:F2) This function looks at the records of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Age fields in those records contain numbers.

220. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DCOUNT(A4:E10,"Age",A1:F2) This function looks at the records of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Age fields in those records contain numbers.

221. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DCOUNT(A4:E10,"Age",A1:F2) This function looks at the records of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Age fields in those records contain numbers.

222. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DCOUNT(A4:E10,"Age",A1:F2) =1 This function looks at the records of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Age fields in those records contain numbers.

223. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DSUM(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A2) The total profit from apple trees.

224. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DSUM(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

225. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DSUM(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

226. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DSUM(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A2) The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

227. Microsoft ® Excel ® Database Functions =DSUM(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A2) =225 The minimum profit of apple trees over 10 in height.

228.  Access creates __________ databases ◦ Data is stored in various separate tables by subject or task ◦ The data is related and can be brought together in ways that you specify

229.  _______ are the most important parts of a database.  ______ store your data in rows and columns. All databases contain one or more of these.  _______ retrieve and process your data. They can combine data from different tables, update your data, and perform calculations on your data.  _____ control data entry and data views. They provide visual cues that make data easier to work with.  _______ summarize and print your data. They turn the data in your tables and queries into documents for communicating ideas.

230.  To distinguish one record from another, tables can contain a primary key field. ◦ The primary key is an identifier—such as a part number, a product code, or an employee ID—that's unique to each record. ◦ The primary key should be a piece of information that won't change frequently. ◦ When tables relate, the primary key of one table becomes a foreign key of the other table.

232.  Goal Seeking function  Can work through multiple scenarios  Can have Data tables  Example: ◦ Find the interest rate that is needed to finance $25,000 car over 5 years (60 months) with a payment no more than $450.

233. Reference (Description)Changes to $A$1 (absolute column and absolute row)$A$1 A$1 (relative column and absolute row)C$1 $A1 (absolute column and relative row)$A3 A1 (relative column and relative row)C3