1. Earth Observation Information and Decision Making: An ongoing story Gilberto Câmara, INPE, Brazil IGOS-GEO Symposium, 2009

2. ~230 scenes Landsat/year Yearly detailed estimates of clear-cut areas LANDSAT-class data (wall-to-wall) INPE: Clear-cut deforestation mapping of Amazonia since 1988

3. Then, in November, 2004.... Yearly deforestation rate for 2003-2004: 27,100 km2

4. Public opinion reaction was strong What is the proper scientific reaction?

5. T2 – Loss of smaller trees How does deforestation happen? T1 – Selective logging T3 – Loss >50% of forestT4 – Loss >90% of forest

6. time Warning 1 Can we detect deforestation before it is too late? Warning 2 Intensive Logging Loss > 90% Loss >50% Warning 3

7. Satellites for Monitoring Tropical Forests (2004) 1 10 100 1101001000 Resolution (m) Revisit (days) CCD CBERS-2 50 5 Mapping Detection Identification 5 LANDSAT TM MODIS

8. 15-day warnings of newly deforested large areas MODIS data DETER: Real-time Deforestation Monitoring

9. Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 22 August 2003

10. Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 May 2004

11. 6.000 hectares deforested in one month! Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 22 June 2004

12. Go to the field....

13. ...and get the bad guys!

14. Alerta DETER nov-2007 Landsat/TM August 2007 MODIS November 2007 How hard is to use MODIS images to detect deforestation?

15. Monitoring forest degradation (S 12,27 0 ; W 54,13 0 )

16. For a while, everything was well...

17. Transparency builds credibility “Today, Brazil’s monitoring system is the envy of the world. INPE provides automated bi-weekly alerts that other tropical nations would love to emulate.”

18. Transparency builds governance 500.000 registrations 46 million protests

19. Then, in January 2008...

20. Transparency builds governance

21. Relative Variation 2007-2008 (%)

23. Smallest yearly increase since the 1970s Yearly rates of deforestation: 2008-2009

25. A Global Forest Information System LANDSAT TM (30 m) CBERS HRC (2,5 m) Navigate, describe, understand: image navigation and processing, production and dissemination of information, knowledge-building using semantics

26. “A few satellites can cover the entire globe, but there needs to be a system in place to ensure their images are readily available to everyone who needs them. Brazil has set an important precedent by making its Earth-observation data available, and the rest of the world should follow suit.”

27. Data for the world´s tropical areas Global satellite data in 5 meter+ will be free Concerted action needed with benefits to all involved Cuiabá Boa Vista Chetumal Maspalomas Aswan Jo´burg Nairobi(?) Accra(?) Urumchi Miyun Ghuangzhou Darwin)

28. Optical Satellites for Forestry 1 10 100 1101001000 Resolution (metres) Revisit (days) WFI CBERS-2 CCD CBERS-2/3/4 AWFI CBERS-3/4 MUX CBERS-3/4 50 5 Mapping Detection Identification 5 AWFI Amaz-1/2 TM LANDSAT HRG SPOT 500 MODIS SPOT HRV HRC CBERS-2B SENTINEL-2 LISS-4 (IRS-P6) LISS-3 IRS-P6/7 AWIFS (IRS-P6/7)

29. Multiple perspectives Type 1: Capable national agencies Type 2: Other National agencies Type 3: International organizations Type 4: Scientists and experts Type 5: Private companies (markets and services) Type 6: NGOs and common citizens.

30. Supporting Type 1 users with high-resolution CBERS-HRC image (2,5 meters) Deforestation Degradation Validation sites (INPE, Feb 2008) High-resolution images support validation

31. Supporting Type 2 users with web tools Angola national report? Angola CBERS CCD (20 m) 24-June-08 GoogleEarth (resolution? date? ) Web-based tools for mapping, validation and assessment of deforestation

32. Knowledge base A What is deforestation? Deforestation! Deforestation? Knowledge base B Supporting Type 4 users with semantics Overcoming the semantical debate

33. Open Globes Global Forest Information System OpenForestMap WikiForest Scientists, Citizens, Markets National, int´l agencies Angola Congo DR

34. Development as Freedom (Amartya Sen) The goal of development is the promotion and expansion of valuable capabilities. Capability is the freedom to achieve valuable beings and doings.