2. Section 4.Nation Building in Latin America

3. Nationalist Revolts

4. Haiti--Toussaint L’Ouverture leads first successful slave rebellion (against France)

5. The Citadel in Haiti Fortress of L’Ouverture

6. South America Leaders: Creoles angry about 2nd class status

7. Simon Bolivar

8. 1821 ousted Spanish from Venezuela and Colombia

9. Jose de San Martin: 1822 ousted Spanish from Argentina, Chile and Peru

10. (Bolivar and Martin combined to remove last Spanish army in 1824. Bolivar created a temporary empire in South America. Martin left South America and died forgotten in France)

11. Brazil Dom Pedro Braganca: 1822 son of Portuguese Emperor declared independence and became king of Brazil

12. Only King in the Western Hemisphere

13. Later abdicated to become King of Portugal His son, Dom Pedro II became King of Brazil, but was later overthrown by the military Later abdicated to become King of Portugal His son, Dom Pedro II became King of Brazil, but was later overthrown by the military

14. Mexico Father Hidalgo:

15. 1810 led Indian peasants in revolt against Spain. Revolt put down by Creoles

16. Agustin de Iturbide: 1821 Creole leader led Mexico to independence

17. After Independence Mostly ruled by military dictators (Caudillos) Political instability Peasants remain poor Mostly ruled by military dictators (Caudillos) Political instability Peasants remain poor

18. New Imperialism Political independence, but Europe and US dominate economies Political independence, but Europe and US dominate economies

19. European countries use force to collect loan payments

20. Political Change

21. The US in Latin America

22. The Monroe Doctrine 1823 No colonization in Latin America

23. Spanish-American War 1895 Cubans revolt against Spain

24. 1898 US Battleship Maine explodes in Havana=War

25. USS Maine 1911 http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/I?pan:1

26. USS Maine being towed out to sea 1911 http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/I?pan:10:./temp/~ammem_pgqy::

27. Teddy Roosevelt in his Roughrider Uniform http://www.bartleby.com/55/i4.html

28. US frees Cuba, keeps Puerto Rico

29. The Panama Canal

30. US engineers Panamanian revolt against Colombia

31. Panama grants US Panama Canal Zone

32. 10 mile wide canal zone

33. Gatun Locks http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/I?pan:2:./temp/~ammem_bJDM::displayType

34. Pres. Teddy Roosevelt pushes completion of canal by 1914

36. Roosevelt corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine) Only the US has the right to act as an international Police power in Latin America

37. Marines used to control Nicaragua, Dominican Republic, Cuba, and other countries

38. U.S. Military Action In Latin America

39. The Mexican Revolution

40. Santa Anna and the Mexican War http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/s_z/santaanna.htm

41. President 4 times between 1835-55 Driven from Texas War with US after Annexation of Texas Exiled to US President 4 times between 1835-55 Driven from Texas War with US after Annexation of Texas Exiled to US

42. Benito Juarez and la Reforma Indian leader who fought for land and other reforms Elected President in 1861 and 1867 Indian leader who fought for land and other reforms Elected President in 1861 and 1867

43. French Control Emperor Maximilian http://www.austrian-mint.com/e/maxhist.html

44. 1862 Emperor Maximillian Hapsburg put on throne by Napoleon III 1867 overthrown and executed 1862 Emperor Maximillian Hapsburg put on throne by Napoleon III 1867 overthrown and executed

45. Cinco de Mayo celebrates a battle against the French (Puebla)

46. Porfirio Diaz

47. Dictator Mexican upper classes prosper Americans and English buy up assets Dictator Mexican upper classes prosper Americans and English buy up assets

48. 1911 Revolution Struggle for power Revolutionary leaders: Struggle for power Revolutionary leaders:

49. PanchoVilla

50. Emiliano Zapata

51. Diaz ousted

52. US sends troops to Veracruz to help government

53. Villa attacks Columbus, NM: US troops invade Mexico to catch Villa (they fail)

54. War ends in 1919 1928 PRI takes over Mexico--in power until 2000 War ends in 1919 1928 PRI takes over Mexico--in power until 2000

55. Economic Change in L.A. Increased prosperity Rise of the Middle Class Middle Class sees US as model Increased prosperity Rise of the Middle Class Middle Class sees US as model

56. Great Imperial Powers in 1900

57. Land Empires Russia Austria Ottoman China Russia Austria Ottoman China

58. Overseas Empires Britain Italy France Portugal Germany USA Netherlands Spain Denmark Japan Britain Italy France Portugal Germany USA Netherlands Spain Denmark Japan

59. The British Navy acts as world’s policeman European countries begin to clash over Colonial territory

60. The End

61. Sources 4. Atlas of World History.Noel Grove.National Geographic 1997 9. Everyday Life Throughout the Ages. Michael Worth Davison. Readers Digest.1992 19. Transparency West Pub.. 1998 20. Transparency McDougall Littell. 1999

62. 21. Transparency A. J. Nystrom Inc.. 22. Transparency D. C. Heath 25. World History, Patterns of Interactions. Beck, Black et. al.. McDougall Littell. 1999 76. Revolution. Mark Almond. De Agonistini Editions.Ltd. London. 1996.

63. 79. World History Connections to Today. Elisabeth Ellis and Anthony Esler. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 1999. 80. World History The Human Odyssey. Jackson Spielvogel. West Educational Publishing. Agorra Hills, CA. 1999.

80. Charge of the Light Brigade

84. I. Ottoman Empire fades

85. 1830 Greek Independence

86. A. Crimean War reveals weakness to Europe

87. C. Persia attempts to modernize 1. Grants concessions to Britain and Russia for money

88. 2. Britain and Russia develop “Spheres of Influence” over parts of Persia