1. The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea
Chapter 11, part E
The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

2. Lactobacillales - Gram (+) cocci and rods
Generally aerotolerant anaerobes, lack an electron-transport chain
Catalase negative
Lactobacillus
Streptococcus
Hemolysis
Alpha
Beta
gamma
Enterococcus
Listeria
Figure 11.18

3. Mycoplasmatales Wall-less, pleomorphic 0.1 - 0.24 µm M. pneumoniae
Figure 11.19a, b

4. Actinobacteria High G + C Gram-positive
Include Mycobacteria, Corynebacteria, and Actinomycetes. The important pathogenic genus, Mycobacterium, as well as the filamentous genera Streptomyces and Actinomyces, which form conidiospores.

5. Actinobacteria Often filamentous Lots of antibiotics from this group
Actinomyces
Corynebacterium
Frankia
Gardnerella
Mycobacterium
Acid fast
Nocardia
Propionibacterium
Streptomyces
Figure 11.20b

6. Domain Archaea Hyperthermophiles Pyrodictium Sulfolobus Thermus
Archaea lack peptidoglycan.
They typically live in extreme conditions
Hyperthermophiles
Pyrodictium
Sulfolobus
Thermus
Methanogens
Methanobacterium
Extreme halophiles
Halobacterium
Figure 11.25

7. Microbial Diversity Bacteria size range
Thiomargarita (750 µm) to nanobacteria (0.02 µm) in rocks
Figure 11.26

8. Microbial Diversity
PCR indicates up to 10,000 bacteria/gm of soil. Many bacteria have not been identified or characterized because they:
Haven't been cultured
Need special nutrients
Are part of complex food chains requiring the products of other bacteria
Need to be cultured to understand their metabolism and ecological role