1. The weird, Wacky, wonderful world of… Kingdom Protista!
Animal-like Protists
Plant-like Protists
Fungus-like Protists

2. What is a protist?? A eukaryote that is NOT a member of…
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Fungi
…because it does not meet the requirements for these Kingdoms.

3. Protist Diversity Approximately 200,000 species
They come in different shapes, sizes, and colors!
All are eukaryotes – they have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

4. Protozoans:
Animal-like Protists

5. Protozoans What does “zoa” mean?
Unicellular – made up of one cell. (How is this different from animals?)
Heterotrophs – they eat other organisms or dead organic matter
Classified by how they move

6. Sarcodines (Amoebas) Zooflagellates Ciliates Sporozoans
Phyla of Protozoans
Sarcodines (Amoebas)
Zooflagellates
Ciliates
Sporozoans

7. Sarcodines (Amoebas) No cell wall
Move using pseudopods – plasma extensions (what does the word mean??)
Engulf bits of food by flowing around and over them

11. Zooflagellates
Use a whip-like extension called a flagella to move around quickly
Some cause diseases

12. Trichomonas foetus : cow disease

13. Trichomonas vaginalis: an STD

14. African Sleeping Sickness (Trypanosoma)

15. Ciliates Move through water by beating tiny hairs called cilia.
Ciliates (like a paramecium) are found in fresh and salt water.
Not parasitic!
Contractile vacuole pumps water out of cell

17. Paramecium caudatum

19. Sporazoans: the parasiteS
Non-motile - Do not move on their own.
Live inside a host
One type called Plasmodium causes the disease malaria.

20. The mosquito is the host for the sporozoan
The mosquito is the host for the sporozoan. When the mosquito bites a person, they can get malaria.

21. Malaria in red blood cells

23. Algae
Plant-like Protists

24. What are Algae? Can be Unicellular or Multicellular
Photosynthetic – make their own food
No roots, stems, or leaves
Each has chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments

25. Euglenaphytes Diatoms Dinoflagellates Red, Brown, & Green Algae
Phyla of Algae
Euglenaphytes
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Red, Brown, & Green Algae

26. Euglenaphyta Unicellular Aquatic
Move around like animals with two flagella
No cell wall (unlike plants!)
Can ingest food from surroundings when light is not available (So, they are autotrophs OR heterotrophs!)

28. Diatoms Unicellular & photosynthetic
Abundant and beautiful – like little jewels!
Cell walls have patterns and lines
Their cell walls are made of silicon (Si)
Photosynthetic pigment called carotenoids – give them a golden color

31. Dinoflagellates: The Spinning Ones
Unicellular protists
Spin around using two flagella
Some are photosynthetic and some are heterotrophic
Some are bioluminescent!
Some kinds are responsible for red tides – toxic “blooms” of dinoflagellates that can be dangerous.

32. Red tides caused by toxic dinoflagellates
Red tides caused by toxic dinoflagellates. This red tide killed some fish.

33. Some dinoflagellates create their own light
Some dinoflagellates create their own light. This is called bioluminescence.
These pictures were taken in Puerto Rico in a place called “Bioluminescent Bay”.

34. Red Algae Reddish seaweeds Live in ocean Multicellular
Have red and blue pigments, so they are autotrophs

36. Brown Algae Multicellular brown seaweed
They have air bladders to help them float at the surface (where the light is located!).
Examples: Giant Kelp (where sea otters hide), Sargassum

39. Green Algae Lives in fresh and saltwater Unicellular and multicellular
Live alone or in groups called colonies
Very similar to plants - perhaps the ancestors of plants!

40. Multicellular Unicellular & Colonial

41. Fungus-like Protists

42. Characteristics in Common
All form delicate, net-like structures on the surface of their food source
Obtain energy by decomposing organic material (heterotrophs)

44. Phyla of Fungus-like Protists
Plasmodium Slime Molds
Cellular Slime Molds
Water Molds & Downy Mildews

45. Slime Molds
Live in cool moist, shady places where they grow on damp, organic matter
Very gross, colorful, and super cool

46. PlasmodiAL Slime Molds
Form plasmodium: a mass of cytoplasm that contains many diploid nuclei but no cell walls or membranes – its feeding stage
Creeps by amoeboid movement – 2.5 cm/hour

47. PlasmodiAL Slime Molds continued…
May reach more than a meter (!!!) in diameter
Form reproductive structures when surroundings dry up
Spores are dispersed by the wind and grow into new plasmodium

48. 6-Vomit Slime Mold (why would someone name it this?!)

49. Dog Vomit Slime Mold

50. Often, slime molds grow on mulch because it is so high in organic nutrients.

51. Cellular Slime Molds
In feeding mode, they exist as individual amoebic cells
When food becomes scarce, they come together with thousands of their own kind to reproduce
May look like a plasmodium

53. Beautiful and colorful slime molds!! 

55. Water Molds & Downy Mildews
Live in water or moist places
Feed on dead organisms or live as plant parasites
Fuzzy white growths

57. Water mold growing on a dead mayfly larvae

59. THE END