1. The Columbian Exchange & Global Trade
Chapter 20 Section 4 p

2. The Columbian Exchange
The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas.

3. From the Americas to the World:
Corn and potatoes were probably the most important items.
They:
Were inexpensive to grow and highly nutritious
Helped people live longer and healthier
Increased the world’s population

4. New to the Americas: From Europe -new livestock – horses, cattle, pigs
From Africa - bananas, black-eyed peas, yams

5. Exchanged Diseases From Europe: From America: Smallpox Influenza
Typhus
Measles
Malaria
From America:
Syphilis
Hepatitus

6. EUROPE RECEIVED COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE AMERICAS RECEIVED
FOOD
CORN, WHITE POTATOES, PUMPKINS, TOMATOES, CACAO, STRAWBERRIES, QUININE, TOBACCO
SUGAR, WHEAT, RICE, CITRUS FRUITS, TEA, COFFEE, BANANAS, OKRA, BARLEY, OATS, WINE GRAPES
ANIMALS
TURKEYS, GUINEA PIGS, RATTLESNAKES, BUFFALO, RACCOONS
HORSES, CHICKENS, PIGS, COWS, GOATS, SHEEP, RATS, OXEN
DISEASES
SYPHILIS
SMALLPOX, MEASLES, INFLUENZA
RELIGION
CHRISTIANITY
WEAPONS AND TOOLS
GUNS AND IRON TOOLS

7. A Commercial Revolution
New wealth from the Americas and a growth in overseas trade drastically change business practices.

8. The Rise of Capitalism
An economic system based on private ownership and the investment of wealth for profit.
Governments are not the sole owners of wealth.
The increases in wealth brought on inflation.

9. Joint-Stock Companies
When people pool their wealth for a common purpose.
Large amounts of money were needed to establish overseas colonies.
A joint-stock company was responsible for the establishment of Jamestown, Virginia.

10. The Growth of Mercantilism
The theory that a country’s power depends mainly upon its wealth.
Armies and navies need wealth to operate.

11. To Increase power a country needs to:
1. Obtain as much gold and silver as possible.
2. Establish a favorable balance of trade.
To sell more goods than it buys from other nations.
3. Ultimately, to become self-sufficient.

12. Colonies Provide raw materials.
Become a market where the home country can sell its goods.

13. Changes in European Society
Towns grew in size.
A merchant class developed. Merchants rose in status.
The majority of Europeans remained poor.