1. Power Stations Introduction

2. References  S. W. Blume: Electric Power System Basics  F. Janíček et al.: Renewable Energy Sources

3. Power system  Electricity power system (PS)

4. Electricity prices  In standard regulated monopoly markets, electricity rates typically vary for residential, commercial, and industrial customers.  Prices for any single class of electricity customer can also vary by time-of-day or by the capacity or nature of the supply circuit, for industrial customers, single-phase vs. 3- phase, etc.  If a specific market allows real-time dynamic pricing, a more recent option in limited markets to date typically following the introduction of electronic metering, prices can even vary between times of low and high electricity network demand.

5.  Service Charge  Primary Energy Cost  Amount of Electricity Used  Taxes  Transmission Service  Support for Renewable energy Structure of electric bill

6. Energy required  Net generation and physical exchanges of electrical energy

7. Global Energy: Where Does it Come From? * Ultimately derived from our sunCourtesy David Bodansky (UW)

8. Composition of Electricity  About 40% of our energy consumption is carried out at electrical power plants  Sources are diversified (2011 figures): 46% coal 21% nuclear 20% natural gas (growing most rapidly) 8% hydroelectric (3% of the input is hydro: it’s efficient) 3% wind 1% biomass 0.8% petroleum 0.5% other (geothermal, solar in 9:1 ratio)

9. Common Themes  99.9% of these turn generators to make electricity all but solar photovoltaics  97% power generators are turbine- based all but wind, solar PV  89% of turbines powered by heat/steam all but hydroelectric, wind, solar PV includes coal, petroleum, gas, nuclear, etc.